1. The Middle Ages/Medieval Period 1066-1485

2. William the Conqueror

3. Plantagenet

4. Lancaster

5. York

6. Henry II: 1154-1189 increase royal power control the church indirectly murdered Thomas a Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury

7. Richard I: 1189-1199 considerable political and military ability  model of a true knight fought in the Crusades  sought Holy Relics  gave to the poor  Richard the Lion-Hearted killed in battle in France

8. Richard II:1377-1399  uncle was John of Gaunt, ruled briefly in his place peasants’ revolt of 1389 confiscated the lands of the House of Lancaster, belonging to John of Gaunt, when John died  John’s son, Henry Bolingbroke, invaded and took over

9. Henry IV: 1399-1413  House of Lancaster  spent much of his reign just trying to establish himself  had to quell many rebellions  son (Henry V) maintained close relationship with Richard II

10. Edward IV: 1461-1470 and 1471-1483  House of York  encouraged William Caxton and his printing press

12. MANOR home of the lord and the land around it SERFS completely dependent on overload SOCIAL LIFE farming, herding, church DAY TO DAY These matters were seen to by knights and serfs. FEUDALISM

13. Imperialism London Scotland Wales Ireland France Territories extending southeast into Holy Land

14. KNIGHTHOOD  not necessarily passed on from generation to generation  did not have to be nobility to be a knight  went on local quests  went to fight the French went on crusades to the Holy Land jousted in tournaments

15. Chivalry Code of behavior for all knights Honorable Courteous Generous Brave Skillful in battle Merciful Respectful to woman Helpful to the weak

16. Roman Catholic Church-united all people from kings to serfs in one common faith and church This church in Rottingdean, East Sussex, is nearly 1000 years old. It was made of stone and built to last. It would have been much larger than a Medieval peasant's cruck house.

17. Ely Cathedral site of Christian worship since 673 was originally a monastery sacked by Danes in 870s This structure was built after the Norman Conquest. became a cathedral in 1109

18. Crusades series of military campaigns between late 1000s and late 1200s usually approved by the Pope combination of war/pilgrimage aimed to take Jerusalem back from the Moslems

19. Hundred Years War 1337-1453 between England and France English were eventually driven out of France England had major victories over France and Scotland

20. Monastery life self-sufficient community day consumed with work and prayer between prayers monks were permitted to write and transcribe wrote and studied in Latin also spoke other common languages opened to weary travelers

21. 120 churches

22. London Bridge

23. Life in London street games wealthy merchants hunting on horseback ice-skating on sheep bone skates narrow and twisting streets most buildings made from wood and straw center of commerce and trade

24. The Black Death: 1348-1349 Bubonic plague killed 1/3 of population of London occurred world-wide, killing estimated 75 million serious blow to the Roman Catholic Church- “live for the moment” likely spread by the fleas on rats

25. Guilds people learned through apprenticeships covered all kinds of skills, from barrel- making to money- management series of steps to progress through, including craftsman and master Guildhall in London

26. Herding British wool became famous herding replaced farming in importance cottages were turned into mills textile industry began

27. Printing Press Gutenberg: 1440s movable type 1476-William Caxton brought to London English dialect of London became available to much wider audience writing became more standard-less influenced by copying preferences and errors