2. Equipment Methods

3. The Basic Function of a Sprayer: Distribution & Metering Apply a dilute amount of herbicide (Rate) in a determined volume of water (GPA) to a known area.

4. Application Methods

5. Multiple Nozzles Evenly spaced Equal Output Even Pattern

6. Spot Treatment

7. Types of Spray Equipment --Spot Treatment -- Hand sprayer Knapsack ATV

8. Backpack and hand sprayers What’s wrong with this picture? ATV’s?

9. Calibrating a Backpack/Spray Gun 18 ½ x 18 ½ Ounces = GPA

10. Standardize Pumping Pressure $15.00 - $18.00 Nozzle Mount Pressure Regulator http://www.rittenhouse.ca/

11. Injector Systems

12. Tanks FiberglassFiberglass Stainless steelStainless steel Galvanized steelGalvanized steel AluminumAluminum PolyethylenePolyethylene

14. Agitation

15. 50 GPM for agitation 12 GPM for Boom 62 GPM total pump requirement Agitation Requirement 5% of tank volume (5 GPM for each 100 gallons) 1000 gallon tank Pump - 50 GPM just for agitation Agitation

16. Strainers Tank openingTank opening –Basket Strainer (16-80 mesh) In-line (40-50 mesh)In-line (40-50 mesh) Nozzle screen (50 - 100 mesh)Nozzle screen (50 - 100 mesh)

17. PUMPS - must provide at least: Gallons per minute (GPM) required by all nozzlesGallons per minute (GPM) required by all nozzles GPM - tank agitation (5 - 6 % of tank volume)GPM - tank agitation (5 - 6 % of tank volume)

18. Pump Types RollerRoller CentrifugalCentrifugal GearGear TurbineTurbine DiaphragmDiaphragm PistonPiston

19. Positive Displacement Roller Pump u General Purpose u Wide range u Output u Pressures u Herbicides u Rollers can wear

20. Positive Displacement Piston u High Pressure u Volume depends on RPMs u Insecticides u Dry Formulations u Part can wear

21. Positive Displacement Diaphragm u High Pressure u High Volume u Insecticides u Herbicides u Dry Formulations u Part can wear

22. Non-positive Displacement u Continuous Flow u High RPM’s u Low Pressures u Durable u Easy to Maintain u Dry Formulations

23. = Desired GPA x Boom Width x MPH 495 For Boom Flow only Pump requirement (GPM)

24. Example 30 GPA x 40 feet x 5 MPH 495 = 12 GPM

25. Pressure Least desirable to adjust GPALeast desirable to adjust GPA 4 x pressure to double GPA4 x pressure to double GPA 20 GPA at 30 psi20 GPA at 30 psi 40 GPA at 120 psi40 GPA at 120 psi Least desirable to adjust GPALeast desirable to adjust GPA 4 x pressure to double GPA4 x pressure to double GPA 20 GPA at 30 psi20 GPA at 30 psi 40 GPA at 120 psi40 GPA at 120 psi Minor tweeks! Small droplets = DRIFT

26. Hoses Flexible (non-collapsible if suction hose)Flexible (non-collapsible if suction hose) DurableDurable Resistant (sunlight, oil, chemicals, abrasion, twisting)Resistant (sunlight, oil, chemicals, abrasion, twisting) Sufficient Pressure RatingSufficient Pressure Rating Correct sizeCorrect size

27. Guide for determining hose size. General Manual - Page 88 Pump Output (gals/min.) Suction Hose Discharge Hose (inside diameter in inches) Under 12 GPM3/45/8 12-25 GPM13/4 25-50 GPM1 1/41 50-100 GPM1 1/21 1/4

29. Comparison of Micron Sizes (approximate) 2000  m - #2 Pencil lead 850  m - paper clip 420  m – staple 300  m - toothbrush bristle 150  m - sewing thread 100  m - human hair

31. What’s a good GPA? Very Fine to Fine Droplet = Low Volume (GPA) Medium to Coarse Droplets Very Coarse = High Volume

32. Read them labels!!

33. Three Functions of a Nozzle Metering - GPA Metering - GPA Atomization – Liquid to drops Atomization – Liquid to drops Pattern dispersal Pattern dispersal

34. MAXIMIZING SPRAYER PERFORMANCE Nozzle materials –Stainless steel, brass and plastic are the most common. –Stainless steel is probably the best choice

35. Nozzles: Wear vs Cost

36. VOLUME OF PESTICIDE SOLUTION APPLIED DEPENDS UPON: NOZZLE TIPS - GPM PRESSURE –Consistent, prevent drift SPEED - MPH NOZZLE SPACING - Uniformity

37. TeeJet nozzle tip examples

38. NOZZLE TIP DESIGNATIONS SPRAYING SYSTEMS CO. 11004 110 DEGREE SPRAY ANGLE 04 = 0.4 GALLON PER MINUTE AT 40 PSI VS = Stainless Steel Insert and VisiFlow™ color

39. Nozzle Types Flat fan - regular Flat fan - extended range Twin flat fan - good for dense foliage

41. Nozzle Orientation

42. Nozzle types Even flat fan - band applications Flooding flat fan Hollow cone Full cone

43. Flood Jet

44. BOOM BUSTER SPRAY NOZZLES THAT WORK WITHOUT BOOMS FEATURES FEATURES – Machined from solid stainless steel. – Machined from solid stainless steel. – Replaceable nylon diffusers.

45. Roadside Spray Boom

46. Boom Buster (con’t) – Extra wide spray pattern. – Excellent pattern and distribution. – All models spray chemicals and fertilizers. – All nozzles have standard pipe threads.

47. CHOOSING THE RIGHT NOZZLE SIZE GPM = GPA x MPH x W 5940 u GPM = Gallons per minute per nozzle u GPA = Gallons per acre u MPH = Miles per hour u W = Nozzle spacing (in.) Broadjet width (in.)

48. EXAMPLE GPA = 30 MPH = 4 Nozzle spacing = 20 GPM = 30 GPA x 4 MPH x 20 in = 2400 5940 5940 GPM = 0.40 per nozzle

49. HOW TO CHANGE SPRAYER OUTPUT NOZZLES –Best for large changes in output

50. HOW TO CHANGE SPRAYER OUTPUT Pressure –Only feasible within a limited pressure range –Pressure must be increased by a factor of 4 in order to double the flow –10 GPA at 20 PSI –20 GPA at 80 PSI

51. HOW TO CHANGE SPRAYER OUTPUT SPEED –Only feasible within a limited range of speeds

52. Ground Speed Double ground speed decreases output by ½ Cut speed by ½ =doubles output.

53. Verifying Speed Page 95 Make a test strip to verify MPH Feet x 60. Seconds x 88* Feet x 60. Seconds x 88* Feet per second x 0.682Feet per second x 0.682 * At 1 MPH, it takes 1 minute to travel 88 feet

54. Speed Test Strip Distance = 200 feetTest Strip Distance = 200 feet Seconds to travel strip = 27 secondsSeconds to travel strip = 27 seconds Test Strip Distance = 200 feetTest Strip Distance = 200 feet Seconds to travel strip = 27 secondsSeconds to travel strip = 27 seconds (200 / 27 seconds) x 0.682 = 5 MPH

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