1. 1. The Solar System

2. Solar System to Scale (size)

3. 2. The Sun is the center of our solar system. First proposed by Copernicus in 1543.

4. People used to think the solar system was Geocentric (Earth Centered) Early Greeks created this model Problems with it included retrograde motion of planets (a figure 8 path) http://www.lasalle.edu/~smithsc/Astronomy/retr ograd.htmlhttp://www.lasalle.edu/~smithsc/Astronomy/retr ograd.html http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=72FrZz_zJFU

5. Later observations confirmed the Heliocentric Model (Sun Centered) Described in 1543 by Copernicus Confirmed by Galileo using his telescope to observe Venus

7. 3.The Sun contains 99.86% of all the Solar System’s mass.

8. The force of gravity from the sun holds our solar system together. The larger an object’s mass, the greater its gravitational force.

9. 4. Planets closer to the Sun orbit the Sun FASTER than planets farther from the Sun. http://janus.ast ro.umd.edu/ja vadir/orbits/ss v.htmlhttp://janus.ast ro.umd.edu/ja vadir/orbits/ss v.html http://www.kid sastronomy.co m/solar_syste m.htmhttp://www.kid sastronomy.co m/solar_syste m.htm

10. 5. Which planet takes longer to orbit the Sun? Neptune or Jupiter? Mars or Earth? Venus or Mercury? Uranus or Saturn? Pluto takes 248 years to complete one orbit!

11. 6.Why doesn’t Mercury have an atmosphere? No atmosphere due to –low gravitational pull (it’s the smallest planet) –high daytime temperatures (2 nd hottest planet) –solar winds blast away any remaining gasses

12. 7.What causes Venus to be so warm? Heat is trapped due to the intense greenhouse effect due to the thick atmosphere. Temperatures average 460 degrees C on Venus

13. Greenhouse Effect

14. Image of Maat Mons- the highest volcano on Venus. Taken with radar since the temperature and pressure destroy any probes that land on the surface.

15. 8. What makes Earth different from all other planets? It has liquid water (not just frozen or gas forms) Life is found here.

16. 9. Identify all the features found near/on Mars Ice caps (on N and S poles) Volcanoes (largest in the solar system –taller than 3 Mt Everests and wider than Hawaiian island chain)

17. No Oceans (may have lots of frozen water or even salt water below the surface) http://www.google.com/mars/ http://www.google.com/mars/ No life A thin atmosphere of mostly carbon dioxide Seasons (it has a tilted axis like Earth) 2 moons No hot temperatures (range is -125C to 35C)

18. 10. What elements are primarily found in Jupiter’s atmosphere? Hydrogen and helium –If Jupiter were a little larger, it may have turned into a small star

19. 11. Why do we study Jupiter’s moons? Studying these moons add to the knowledge about the origin of Earth and the rest of the solar system

20. 12.Saturn’s rings are made out of particles of … Ice and rocks

21. 13. Uranus is tipped on it’s side, how did this probably happen? A collision with another object probably tipped it over.

22. 14. When was Neptune discovered and what gases are found in it’s atmosphere? Discovered in 1846 Methane gases give Neptune it’s blue- green color

23. 15. Identify reasons why Pluto is different from the other outer planets Only has a thin atmosphere, other outer planets have thick atmospheres. Only outer planet with a solid, icy-rock surface

24. Orbit of Pluto

25. The Inner Planets

26. Small in size Solid/rocky

27. The Outer Planets

28. Outer Planets Large in size Made of gas Have rings Have many moons

29. Dwarf Planets http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqX2YdnwtRc&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqX2YdnwtRc&feature=related –O–Orbit the sun, but have not “cleared the neighborhood”- no clean path around Sun –B–Be spherical in shape, but small

30. What can I see in the sky this Autumn? http://www.astronomy.com/asy/default.aspx ?c=a&id=10184http://www.astronomy.com/asy/default.aspx ?c=a&id=10184

31. Out of this World Lab What would be different about life on another planet? Life on a star? You will be calculating weight, jumping ability, and age if you lived on different planets. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bDpwtnGS6uc&feature=BFa&list=PL68BB0B53B47E8190&lf=results_main Jumping http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gM140g0zsQc&feature=related Falling

32. Mass-The amount of matter (stuff) in an object. –Stays the same from planet to planet Weight-A measurement of the gravitational force acting on an object. –Changes as you move from planet to planet. Vocabulary

33. Gravitational Force- The force of attraction between any two objects. –The more massive the object is and the closer it is, the greater its gravitational force. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=An4chlcA Aqshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=An4chlcA Aqs

34. Planetary Year-the length of time it takes a planet to revolve around the sun.

35. Predictions (Hypothesis) Weight Possible locations: –Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto, Sun, White Dwarf Jumping locations: –Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto, Sun, White Dwarf Age Possible locations: –Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto

36. Weight on other planets- MULTIPLY your weight on Earth by the gravity factor to calculate your weight on another planet. Location Weight on EarthGravity Factor Weight (lbs)-round to the nearest whole number Mercury 1100.38 Venus110 0.91 Mars 1100.38 Jupiter 1102.36 Saturn110 1.06 Uranus110 0.89 Neptune 1101.13 Pluto110 0.07 The Moon 1100.17 The Sun 11027.1 A White Dwarf Star 1101,300,000.00

37. Jump on another planet- DIVIDE the distance of your jump (in inches) on Earth by the gravity factor to calculate your jump distance on another planets. Location Jump on EarthGravity Factor Inches jumped (round to the nearest whole number) Mercury 45 inches0.38 Venus 0.91 Mars 0.38 Jupiter 2.36 Saturn 1.06 Uranus 0.89 Neptune 1.13 Pluto 0.07 The Moon 0.17 The Sun 27.1 A White Dwarf Star 1,300,000.00

38. Age on another planet- MULTIPLY your age by the planetary year factor to calculate your age on other planets. LocationAge on EarthPlanetary Year FactorAge (years) Mercury 124.15 Venus 121.63 Earth 121 Mars 0.53 Jupiter 0.08 Saturn 0.03 Uranus 0.012 Neptune 0.006 Pluto 0.004

39. Conclusions http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EDab4e 6L0c0http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EDab4e 6L0c0 Magic school bus Gains Weight http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TsXUmi LRroohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TsXUmi LRroo

40. Orbiting the Sun Planet Day LengthYear Length Mercury58.650.24 Venus243.01*0.61 Earth1.00 Mars1.031.88 Jupiter0.4111.86 Saturn0.4429.46 Uranus0.65*84.07 Neptune0.77164.82

41. Planet Names http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/append7. htmlhttp://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/append7. html Scale sizes of solar system: –http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_System_mod elhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_System_mod el –http://joshworth.com/dev/pixelspace/pixelspace _solarsystem.htmlhttp://joshworth.com/dev/pixelspace/pixelspace _solarsystem.html Scroll to the right