2. There 12 tenses as follow SIMPLE Simple Present Tense.
Simple Past Tense.
Simple Future Tense.

3. 1. Simple Present Tense
lmost all sentences that make use of one of the following words or phrases take this tense: usually, generally, regularly, often, daily, everyday, (morning, evening), now-a-day, seldom, rarely, always, nearly, frequently, hardly ever, scarcely ever, once a week etc.

4. Do not use Future Tense after the following adverbs of time and some expressions, but Simple Present Tense can be used to express the Future action: if, unless, until, till, as, as soon as, when, shile, after, before, as long as etc. 
When he arrives, the band will play the National Anthem.
What shall I do if it rains?
Until you learn to obey you will not know how to command.
Unless you work hard, you will not succeed. 

5. It is used to describe Universal Truth and Proverbs.
The Sun rises in the East.
Health is wealth.
Salt dissolves in water.
Absence makes the heart grow fonder.

6. 2. Simple Past Tense
I watch television every evening. (Present Simple)
I wathed television yesterday evening. (Past Simple)
Watched is the past simple.

7. Noun / Subject
Past Tense Verb
I / We / You / They / He / She / It / Antony
watched

8. The following are the adverbs of time showing simple past: yesterday, last year, a few minutes ago, in 1982, once etc.
Last week I bought a pen.
Yesterday my father came.
Idris met his friend a few days ago.
Anna died in 1969.

9. Simple Past Tense is used in Conditional Sentences:
If I met your father, I would tell the news.
If he had money, he would help me.
If she worked hard, she would come off with flying colours.

10. Past Tense can be used after the following expressions: as if, as through, it is time, wish, would rather, would sooner etc.
Zain talks as if he knew all things.
John behaved as though he owned the house.
I wish I knew. (I‘m sorry that I do not know)
I would rather he went.

11. Simple Future Tense
The words showing the future tense are: tomorrow, next week (year, month), later, soon, shortly, in a little time, in this years to come etc.

12. I shall arrive tomorrow. Go on now and I shall follow you later.
Subject
Auxiliary Verb
Present Verb
I / We
shall go
You / He / She / It/ They
will
I shall arrive tomorrow.
Go on now and I shall follow you later.
She will probably send her application next week.

13. CONTINUOUS
Present Continuous Tense.
Past Continuous Tense.
Future Continuous Tense.

14. Present Continuous tense
This tense can be used to describe the actions that are incomplete, still going on at the moment of speaking or writing.
Subject
Auxiliary Verb
Present Verb + ing
Person I am
going
First Person Singular
He / She / It is
Third Person Singular
We / You / They
are
Plural

15. The following are the important adverbs of time showing Present Continuous Tense: now, always, at present, at this moment, all the time, continuously, continually etc.
She is always talking in the class.
I’m reading a novel at present.
They are going to church now.

16. Past Continuous tense
Now it is 7 O’clock Kapil is at home. He is watching television. At 4 O’clock he wasn’t at home. He was at the sports club. He was playing tennis. He wasn’t watching television.
3.00
3.30
4.00
4.15
4.30
He began playing
He was playing
He stopped playing

17. This tense is used to express an action that was going on when another action happened. Adverbs of time while, when
Subject
Auxiliary Verb
Present Verb + ing
Person I
was
going
First Person Singular
He / She / It
Third Person Singular
We / You / They
were
Plural

18. While she was writing, the phone rang.
While she was crossing the bridge, she met with an accident.
When he was sleeping, his friend came.

19. Future Continuous Tense
This tense is used to indicate a future activity that will begin before a point of time in future and continue after it.
Subject
Auxiliary Verb
Present Verb + ing
Person
I / We
shall be
going
First Person
You / He / She / It / They
will be
Second / Third Person

20. She will be singing songs then.
They will be holding a meeting at 5 p.m. tomorrow.
When will you be putting on another performance?

21. This tense can be used when an action starts before the time mentioned and will probably continue after it.
He’ll be finishing his work tomorrow by this time.
She’ll be travelling to England by the end of next week

22. PERFECT
Present Perfect Tense.
Past Perfect Tense
Future Prefect Tense.

23. Present Perfect Tense
This tense is used to describe a past event the effect of which is not in the past but in the present.
Subject
Auxiliary Verb
Past Participle Verb
I / We / You / They / any Plural
have
gone
He / She / It / any Singular
has
* His shoes are dirty
* He is cleaning his shoes
He has cleaned his shoes

24. It is used to describe an action which was completed in the very recent past just a while ago.
George has just gone out.
I have finished my supper.

25. PERFECT CONTINUE
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Future Perfect Continuous Tense

26. The following adverbs of time take the Present Perfect Tense: already, just now, ever, never, today, recently, so far, up to now, upto the moment, yet, lately, during the last week, during the last few days, this morning year, month, for a long time since Monday, since 1947 etc.

27. I have never seen anyone like her.
He hasn’t eaten anything since Monday.
I have posted a letter this morning.
Sheela has been ill since last Friday.

28. Past Perfect Tense
Sarah went to a party last week. Paul went to the party too but they didn’t see each other. Paul went home at 10:30 and Sarah arrived at 11 O’clock So: When Sarah arrived at the party. Paul wasn’t there. He had gone home. Had gone is the past perfect. (Simple)

29. This tense is used whenever we wish to say that some action had been completed before another was commenced. That is, when there are two past actions, we use the Past Perfect to refer to the earlier action.

30. Adverbs of time: when, after before, as soon as
Subject
Auxiliary Verb
Past Participle Verb
I / We / You / They / any Plural / He / She / It / any Singular
had
gone
I had reached the station before the train left.
When I met him, John had lived in England for two years.
He went home after he had finished his work.

31. Present Perfect Continuous Tense
This tense is used to refer to an action which began indefinitely in the Past and is still continuing at the present moment.
Subject
Auxiliary Verb
Present Participle Verb
I / We / You / They / any Plural
have been
finishing
He / She / It / any Singular
has been
It has been raining for two hours

32. The following adverbs of time taken this tense: since then, since 1947, all the years, since two years, for two years, since early in the morning etc.
My uncle has been living in England since 1990.
We have been learning English for three years.
It has been raining since early in the morning.
Note: “for” refers to a period of time. “Since” refers to a definite point of time.

33. Past Perfect Continuous Tense:
This tense is used in the reported speech or indirect speech.
Subject
Auxiliary Verb
Present Participle Verb
I / We / You / They / any Plural / He / She / It / any Singular
had been
working
He had been working hard since early in the morning.
He said that he had been studying his lessons for three hours.

34. Future Perfect Continuous Tense:
This tense indicates an action represented as being in progress over a period of time that will end in the future.
Subject
Auxiliary Verb
Present Participle Verb
Person
I / We
shall have been
going
First Person
You / He / She / It / They
will have been
Second / Third Person
By next December we shall have been living here for five years.
When she gets her degree, she will have been studying at London.

35. Wrap up/ Summary on tenses rules
Present Simple Every day - When do you get up? / Tom usually eats lunch at home.
Present Continuous Now - She's watching TV at the moment. / I'm not working, I'm reading a newspaper.
Past Simple Yesterday - They went on vacation last July. / Where did you meet Tim?

36. Wrap up/ Summary on tenses rules
Past Continuous Yesterday, at X o'clock They were watching TV at 5 o'clock yesterday. / What were you doing when he came home?
Present Perfect Since / For - I've lived here a long time. / Have you ever seen that film? 
Past Simple vs. Present Perfect I've lived here for many years. vs. I lived there before I moved to New York.

37. Wrap up/ Summary on tenses rules
Present Perfect Continuous Since / For + Time - We've been working since 8 this morning. / What has she been doing recently?
Past Perfect Already - They had already eaten when she arrived. / Had you finished the report by the time he asked for it?
Future with Will Tomorrow, Next week - We'll get together next week. / Will you be able to come tomorrow?

38. Wrap up/ Summary on tenses rules
Future with Going to Tomorrow, Next year, semester, etc. - They're going to study Russian next semester. / Where are you going to stay?
Future Perfect By, By the time - I'll have finished by the time he arrives. / Will you have done the work by six?
Future Continuous At X o'clock, This time next year, month, week / What will you be doing this time next year? - She'll be working tomorrow at 10 o'clock.

39. Wrap up/ Summary on tenses rules
Conditional Forms If questions - What would you do if you had enough time? / If she is in town, she'll come to the meeting.
Alternate Conditional Forms Modal Forms Asking Permission, Giving Advice, etc. - May I help you? / He should see a doctor.
Modal Verbs of Probability Stating guesses - He must have stayed at home today. / She might be downstairs.