1. BY: BIPUL MAINALI HOW AND WHY DO SCARS FORM? Keloid-raised and overgrown http://goo.gl/HZZEeu Hypopigmentation- result of natural healing http://goo.gl/QzFk5Q

2. WHY? Scars form when the dermis layer of the skin in damaged. The dermis is a layer of skin that is both deep and sensitive. The scar is formed to close the open wound from getting infected and also so that the would will not open any further.

3. HOW? The body forms new collagen fibers (a naturally occurring protein in the body) to mend he damage, resulting in a scar. The new scar tissue will have a different texture and quality than the surrounding tissue. Formation of collagen fibers. http://www.macs.hw.ac. uk/~jas/researchinterests/ scartissueformation.html

4. TYPES? There are many different kinds of scars. Most scars are flat and pale (Hypopigmentation). Another type is hypertrophic scar or keloid scars. This is caused when the body produces too much collagen, which causes the scar to become raised. *Both these kinds of scars are more common in younger and dark-skinned people. Hypertrophic scars tend to have a genetic component in it, so you are more likely to get a keloid scar if one or both of your parents have the genes.

5. PICTURES OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF SCARS Hypertrophic or Keloid scar http://goo.gl/AfoVRr Hypo pigmented scar http://goo.gl/J8ildL Contracture scar (caused by burned skin and tightens skin, muscles, and even nerves so impair movements) http://goo.gl/G56TB1

6. TREATMENTS? Surgery- although it will not remove a scar, surgery can be used to alter a scar’s shape or make it less noticeable. - Surgery is not recommended for the case of hypertrophic scars because there is a risk of recurring scars as well as worse scaring from the results of the surgery. Radiotherapy- superficial ( towards the epidermis) radiotherapy Is used to prevent recurrence of hypertrophic scarring. - This treatment is also not recommended due to the fact that it can lead to long term side effects such as dry skin, swelling of tongue, difficulty swallowing, vomiting, and rectal bleeding.

7. PICTURES OF TREATMENTS Laser Surgery before and after photo http://www.thespaatriderm.com/?p age=spa-services Machine used for Radiotherapy and laser cosmetic surgery. http://goo.gl/TStM0t

8. BIBLIOGRAPHY "Scars." WebMD. WebMD, n.d. Web. 16 Sept. 2014. "Scar Archives - Abraxas Medical." Abraxas Medical. Abraxas Medical, n.d. Web. 16 Sept. 2014. "Hypertrophic Scar – Causes, Treatment, Removal and Healing." Prime Health Channel. Prime Health Channel, n.d. Web. 16 Sept. 2014. "Keloid." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 09 Nov. 2014. Web. 16 Sept. 2014.