1. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 2-1

2. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 2-2 Chapter 2: Analysis of Graphs of Functions 2.1 Graphs of Basic Functions and Relations; Symmetry 2.2 Vertical and Horizontal Shifts of Graphs 2.3 Stretching, Shrinking, and Reflecting Graphs 2.4 Absolute Value Functions: Graphs, Equations, Inequalities, and Applications 2.5 Piecewise-Defined Functions 2.6 Operations and Composition

3. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 2-3 2.4 Absolute Value Functions: Graphs, Equations, Inequalities, and Applications Recall: Use this concept to define the absolute value of a function f : Technology Note: The command abs(x) is used by some graphing calculators to find absolute value...

4. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 2-4 2.4 The Graph of y = | f (x)| To graph the function the graph is the same as for values of that are nonnegative and reflected across the x-axis for those that are negative. The domain of is the same as the domain of f, while the range of will be a subset of Example Give the domain and range of Solution

5. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 2-5 Use the graph of to sketch the graph of Give the domain and range of each function. Solution 2.4 Sketch the Graph of y = | f (x)| Given y = f (x)

6. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 2-6 2.4 Properties of Absolute Value For all real numbers a and b: 1. 2. 3. 4. Example Consider the following sequence of transformations.

7. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 2-7 2.4 Comprehensive Graph We are often interested in absolute value functions of the form where the expression inside the absolute value bars is linear. We will solve equations and inequalities involving such functions. The comprehensive graph of will include all intercepts and the lowest point on the “V-shaped” graph.

8. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 2-8 2.4 Equations and Inequalities Involving Absolute Value Example Solve Analytic Solution For to equal 7, 2x + 1 must be 7 units from 0 on the number line. This can only happen when Graphing Calculator Solution

9. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 2-9 Let k be a positive number. 1.To solve solve the compound equation 2.To solve solve the compound inequality 3.To solve solve the three-part inequality Inequalities involving are solved similarly, using the equality part of the symbol as well. 2.4 Solving Absolute Value Equations and Inequalities

10. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 2-10 2.4 Solving Absolute Value Inequalities Analytically Solve the inequalities

11. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 2-11 2.4 Solving Absolute Value Inequalities Graphically Solve the previous equations graphically by letting and and find all points of intersection. (a)The graph of lies below the graph of for x-values between –4 and 3, supporting the solution set (–4,3). The graph of lies above the graph of for x-values greater than 3 or less than –4, confirming the analytic result.

12. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 2-12 2.4 Solving Special Cases of Absolute Value Equations and Inequalities Solve Analytically (a)Because the absolute value of an expression is never negative, the equation has no solution. The solution set is Ø. (b)Using similar reasoning as in part (a), the absolute value of an expression will never be less than –5. The solution set is Ø. (c)Because absolute value will always be greater than or equal to 0, the absolute value of an expression will always be greater than –5. The solution set is Graphical Solution The graphical solution is seen from the graphing of

13. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 2-13 2.4 Solving |ax + b| = |cx + d| Analytically Example Solve To solve the equation analytically, solve the compound equation

14. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 2-14 2.4 Solving |ax + b| = |cx + d| Graphically Solve Let The equation is equivalent to so graph and find the x-intercepts. From the graph below, we see that they are –1 and 9, supporting the analytic solution.

15. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 2-15 2.4Solving Inequalities Involving Two Absolute Value Expressions Solve each inequality graphically. Solution (a)The inequality In the previous example, note that the graph of is below the x-axis in the interval (b)The inequality is satisfied by the closed interval

16. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 2-16 2.4 Solving an Equation Involving a Sum of Absolute Values Solve graphically by the intersection-of-graphs method. Solution Let The points of intersection of the graphs have x-coordinates –9 and 7. To verify these solutions, we substitute them into the equation. Therefore, the solution set is

17. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 2-17 2.4 An Application Involving Absolute Value The inequality describes the range of average monthly temperatures x in degrees Fahrenheit for Spokane, Washington. Solve this inequality, and interpret the result. This means that the average monthly temperature ranges from through The average monthly temperatures are always within 21 º of 48 º F. See the graphical representation below.