1. 1293 Airport Road, Beaver, WV 25813 Phone: (304) 253-8674 - Fax: (304) 253-7758 E-mail: hazmat@iuoeiettc.org HAZWOPER EMERGENCY RESPONSE International Environmental Technology and Training Center “Working safely with hazardous materials” Vincent J. Giblin, General President

2. Emergency Response  This material was produced under grant number 46C5-HT16 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

3. Emergency Response Emergency Response: AN INTRODUCTION  Emergencies are a continual possibility at hazardous waste sites.  Work at a new site CANNOT begin until an ER Plan is in place.

4. Emergency Response Emergency Response: AN INTRODUCTION  Describing, “what does what” is CRUCIAL in emergency planning.  After every emergency, normal work can not resume until preparation for new emergency is complete.

5. Emergency Response Top Ten Reasons Emergency Response Plans Fail. 1.No upper management support. 2.Lack of employee “buy-in”. 3.Poor or no planning. 4.Lack of training or proper practice. 5.No designated leader. 6.Failure to keep the plan up-to-date. National Safety Council

6. Emergency Response Top Ten Reasons Emergency Response Plans Fail. 7.No method of communication to alert employees. 8.OSHA regulations are not part of the plan. 9.No procedures for shutting down critical equipment. 10.Employees are not told what actions to take. National Safety Council

7. Emergency Response What is the employer’s responsibility for emergency planning? Under the HAZWOPER Standard, every Health and Safety Plan must have an Emergency Response section.

8. Emergency Response What is the employer’s responsibility for emergency planning? The Emergency Response Plan, (Contingency Plan) must:  Be site-specific;  Include Training for all employees;

9. Emergency Response Exactly what is an “emergency”? Emergency situations:  Minor - a worker with heat stress;  Major - an explosion spreading toxic fumes throughout a community.

10. Emergency Response Exactly what is an “emergency”? Chemicals, biologic agents, radiation, or physical hazards may act separately or together to create explosions, fires, spills, toxic atmospheres, or other dangerous situations.

11. Emergency Response Types of Emergencies Illnesses/InjuriesHazardous Material Environmental Occurrences Minor accident or illness requiring first aid only. Leakage of hazardous liquid. Hurricane, tornado, severe storm. Sudden critical illness.Release of toxic vapors.Earthquake Serious accident involving one or more workers. Fire or explosion.Large excavation collapse. Chemical ExposureCollapse of containers.Flood Discovery of radioactive materials. Document

12. Emergency Response What are the required elements of the ER plan? 1.Pre-Emergency PlanningPre-Emergency Planning 2.Personnel Roles, Lines of Authority, and CommunicationPersonnel Roles, 3.Emergency Recognition/PreventionEmergency Recognition/ 4.Emergency Alerting/Response ProceduresEmergency Alerting/ 5.NotificationNotification 6.Evaluation of SituationEvaluation of Situation 7.Rescue/Response ActionRescue/Response ActionDocument

13. Emergency Response What are the required elements of the ER plan? 8.PPE and EquipmentPPE and Equipment 9.Safe Distances/Places of RefugeSafe Distances 10.Site Security/ControlSite Security/ 11.Evacuation Routes/ProceduresEvacuation Routes 12.Decontamination ProceduresDecontamination 13.First Aid/Emergency Medical TreatmentFirst Aid/ 14.Reporting RequirementsReporting 15.Critique of ResponseCritique

14. Emergency Response Emergency Response Plan Required Elements: PRE-EMERGENCY PLANNING Consider and decide in advance:  Potential emergencies and how they would impact the surrounding area;  How site personnel would relate to responding agencies;  How all responders will work together.

15. Emergency Response Emergency Response Plan Required Elements: ROLES, LINES OF AUTHORITY, COMMUNICATION Clearly spell out:  Chain of command;  Position/authority of every member of chain;  Their roles and responsibilities.

16. Emergency Response Emergency Response Plan Required Elements: EMERGENCY RECOGNITION AND PREVENTION  Workers need to know the warning signs of potentially hazardous situations.  Cover in initial training and periodic briefings.

17. Emergency Response Emergency Response Plan Required Elements: EMERGENCY ALERTING/RESPONSE PROCEDURES Every employee needs to be familiar with the protocol for what to do when they realize that an emergency exists.

18. Emergency Response Emergency Response Plan Required Elements: NOTIFICATION  Important to provide information that will aid in determining what should be done next.  Location of occurrence.  Description of what occurred.  Whether there are injuries.

19. Emergency Response Emergency Response Plan Required Elements: EVALUATION OF SITUATION Assists initial responders in determining:  What happened;  What equipment is needed;  Whether there are causalities, injured or missing workers;  What could happen next;  What can be done.

20. Emergency Response Emergency Response Plan Required Elements: RESCUE/RESPONSE ACTION  Site-specific plans need to be made so responders know what they are to do.  The more the tactics used are understood/practiced, the more efficient the response will be.

21. Emergency Response Emergency Response Plan Required Elements: RESCUE/RESPONSE ACTION  Has its own SOPs. These include:  Use the buddy system;  Remain in communication and the Command Post.

22. Emergency Response Emergency Response Plan Required Elements: PPE AND EQUIPTMENT Necessary equipment must be kept ready to go at all times. For example SCBAs must be:  Filled to 90% of their capacity;  Inspected;  Replaced into their storage spaces immediately after use.

23. Emergency Response Emergency Response Plan Required Elements: SAFE DISTANCES AND PLACES OF REFUGE How far away is far enough away?  Partially determined during pre- emergency planning.  If on-site refuges are necessary, they should be appropriately identified and stocked with the necessary supplies.

24. Emergency Response Emergency Response Plan Required Elements: SITE SECURITY AND CONTROL It is important to know:  Who is on site during an emergency;  Where they are. Check points should be set-up to track everyone who enters or exits.

25. Emergency Response Emergency Response Plan Required Elements: EVACUATION ROUTES AND PROCEDURES Plans need to be made/clearly understood for:  Primary/alternate evacuation routes; At least two routes; Separated from each other.  Assembly points.  Safe distances.

26. Emergency Response Emergency Response Plan Required Elements: DECONTAMINATION PROCEDURES  Must be planned so that ill or injured workers are taken care of ASAP.  Local hospitals and emergency medical service providers should be made aware of site-specific hazards during the planning stages.

27. Emergency Response Emergency Response Plan Required Elements: FIRST-AID/EMERGECY MEDICALTREATMENT First-Aid Stations:  Should be kept stocked at all times.  First-aid/CPR training conducted at all times.  Cooperation with local medical facilities is important.

28. Emergency Response Emergency Response Plan Required Elements: REPORTING REQUIREMENTS  Determine who needs to know what happened.  All federal, state, and local reporting requirements must be fulfilled.

29. Emergency Response Emergency Response Plan Required Elements: CRITIQUE OF RESPONSE When an emergency is over, all involved should review the situation in order to:  Change procedures;  Revise the response plan;  Discover and communicate lessons learned.

30. Emergency Response Why is it critical for outside agencies to be involved in ER planning and drills?  When outside agencies respond, they either take charge or site personnel tell them what to do.  To eliminate confusion, all must understand their roles and responsibilities.

31. Emergency Response Why is it critical for outside agencies to be involved in ER planning and drills?  At Federal facilities, usually site personnel retain command.  At other facilities, unless prior arrangements are made, the fire department, state police, or other outside responders assume command.

32. Emergency Response Why is it critical for outside agencies to be involved in ER planning and drills? Often when there is a sizable fire or multiple casualties, more than one fire department or other agency will respond.

33. Emergency Response Why is employee training/practice critical? In order to understand what they are to do in an emergency, all employees must:  Receive initial training;  Participate in periodic reviews, practices, and drills. Document

34. Emergency Response Why is employee training/practice critical? If the Emergency Response Plan is not practiced, its almost certain to FAIL!

35. Emergency Response Why is employee training/practice critical? Employees responsible for responding to an emergency must be trained for that collateral duty. Document

36. Emergency Response Why is employee training/practice critical? If a worker's responsibility is to follow the appropriate alerting- procedure and evacuate, they need to know the route and assembly points.

37. Emergency Response Details HAZWOPER 8-Hour Training: Update Worker on Recent Developments

38. Emergency Response Emergency Response: UPDATE OSHA’s Means of Egress Standard.  Revise working plan in plain English.  Published in September 1996.  Slated for final ruling in June 2002.

39. Emergency Response  This material was produced under grant number 46C5-HT16 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

40. Emergency Response END This publication was made possible by grant numbers 5 U45 ES06182-13 AND 5 U45 ES09763-13 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIEHS, NIH.