1. Digestive System

2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_QYwscA LNng https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_QYwscA LNng

3. A.K.A “GI” System Alimentary or digestive tract

4. Functions Carries food for digestion Prepares food for absorption Transporting waste for elimination

5. “The journey” Begins in the mouth – Broken down mechanically and chemically Mastication-chewing Digestive enzymes-speed up chemical reaction Proteins  amino acids; complex sugars  simple sugars; large fat molecules  fatty acids, triglycerides – Absorption Blood stream Walls of small intestine – Fatty acids and triglycerides are absorbed in the small intestine – Elimination Solid waste, passed from body Feces collects in large bowel and exits through the anus

6. Mouth “Oral cavity” Hard palate- roof of the mouth Muscular soft palate – Posterior to hard palate – Separates mouth from throat Pharynx Rugae-irregular ridges Uvula-aids in production of sound and speech Tongue (mastication, deglutition) Tonsils (lymphocytes) Gums Teeth-32 permanent Three pairs of salivary glands-produces saliva, containing digestive enzymes – Parotid, submandibular and sublingual

7. Pharynx Muscular tube Passageway for food and air Epiglottis-prevents food from entering trachea

8. Esophagus Pharynx  stomach Aids in swallowing Peristalsis-involuntary contraction moving food through GI tract

9. Stomach Fundus-top portion Body-middle portion Antrum-lower portion Sphincters – Cardiac, esophagus  stomach – Pyloric, allows food to exit Rugae-irregular ridges

10. Small Intestine Pyloric sphincter  large intestine 20 feet long Villi-microscopic projections; aid in digestion Three parts – Duodenum 1 foot long “12 inch” Receives food from stomach Receives bile from liver and gallbladder Receives pancreatic juice from pancreas – Jejunum 8 feet long Connects with 3 rd section “empty” – Ileum 11 feet long Attaches to large intestine “to roll”

11. Large Intestine Ileum  anus Four parts – Cecum Right side connected by ileocecal sphinter Vermiform appendix hangs from cecum – Colon 5 feet long 3 divisions – Ascending colon, cecum  undersurface of liver – Transverse colon, horiz. To spleen then turns down – Descending colon, downward portion Sigmoid colon Rectum

12. Liver Located in RUQ Bile – Emulsification-breaking apart of fat globules so pancreas can digest Continuously released from liver Functions – Keep glucose levels normal – Removes excess glucose, glycogenesis – Converts glycogen into glucose – Converts proteins and fats into glucose, gluconeogenesis – Removal of poisons from the blood

13. Gallbladder Under liver Stores and concentrates bile for later use

14. Pancreas Exocrine gland Produces amylase and lipase-enzymes that aid in digestion Secretes insulin – Insulin is needed to release sugar from the blood to be used by cells in the body

15. Digestive System Diagram

17. 4/21 Assignment! Pgs. 484-486 Combining forms (write in your notes) Check abbreviations with the textbook