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implementing the new features Mark Branom, IT Services John Foliot, Stanford Online Accessibility Program
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Brief history… 1997-2001 Content: HTML 4.01 Presentation: CSS1
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Brief history… 2001-2006 Content: XHTML 1 Presentation: CSS2
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Brief history… 2007-present Content: HTML5 Presentation: CSS3
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Vendor Prefixes Some CSS rules won’t work without the vendor prefix. Mozilla Browsers (Firefox) -moz Webkit Browsers (Safari, Chrome) -webkit Opera -o Internet Explorer -ms Not all CSS rules work with all browsers: http://www.caniuse.com/ http://www.caniuse.com/ http://www.css3.info/selectors-test/ http://www.css3.info/selectors-test/ http://quirksmode.org/css/contents.html http://quirksmode.org/css/contents.html
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So, what’s the big deal about CSS3?
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New selectors! element1~element2 Selects an element that is a general next sibling of another element. Example: http://www.quirksmode.org/css/selector_sibling.html http://www.quirksmode.org/css/selector_sibling.html [attribute^=value] Represents an element with the attribute whose value begins with the prefix value. [attribute$=value] Represents an element with the attribute whose value ends with the prefix value. [attribute*=value] Represents an element with the attribute whose value contains the prefix value. Example: http://www.quirksmode.org/css/selector_attributeAdvanced.html http://www.quirksmode.org/css/selector_attributeAdvanced.html
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New pseudo elements/classes! :first-of-type :last-of-type :only-of-type Select elements that are first, last, or only child of its type of its parent Example: http://www.quirksmode.org/css/type.html :first-child :only-child :last-child Selects an element that is the first, only, or last child of its parent. Examples: http://www.quirksmode.org/css/firstchild.html http://www.quirksmode.org/css/onlychild.html
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More new pseudo elements/classes! nth-child(n) :nth-of-type(n) Allows you to select elements with a formula. Example: http://www.quirksmode.org/css/nthchild.html :nth-last-child(n) :nth-last-of-type(n) Work same as nth-child, except that they start counting at the last element instead of the first. Example: http://www.quirksmode.org/css/nthlastchild.html :root Selects the root initial containing block (in HTML, this is the tag) Example: http://www.quirksmode.org/css/root.html :empty Selects elements with no content (“empty”). Example: http://www.quirksmode.org/css/empty.html :target Selects a targeted element – one with an ID with the same value as the URL's hash. Example: http://www.quirksmode.org/css/target.html http://www.quirksmode.org/css/target.html#testHash
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Still more new pseudo elements/classes! :enabled :disabled :checked Allows a designer to apply style to enabled, disabled, or checked form field elements. Example: http://www.quirksmode.org/css/enabled.html :not(selector) Negates a selector. Example: http://www.quirksmode.org/css/not.html ::selection Defines style for text that a user selects. Example: http://www.quirksmode.org/css/selection.html
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New properties! (and some new property groups!) Animation Background Border and outline Box Color Content Paged Media Dimension Flexible Box Font Generated content Grid Hyperlink Linebox List Margin Marquee Multi-column Padding Paged Media Positioning Print Ruby Speech Table Text 2D/3D Transform Transition User-interface CSS Property Groups:
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Animation @keyframes Specifies the animation animation A shorthand property for all the animation properties below, except the animation-play-state property animation-name Specifies a name for the @keyframes animation animation-duration Specifies how many seconds or milliseconds an animation takes to complete one cycle animation-timing-function Specifies the speed curve of the animation animation-delay Specifies when the animation will start animation-iteration-count Specifies the number of times an animation should be played animation-direction Specifies whether or not the animation should play in reverse on alternate cycles animation-play-state Specifies whether the animation is running or paused Examples: http://www.leemunroe.com/css3-animations/ http://css3.bradshawenterprises.com/animations/ http://www.w3schools.com/css3/tryit.asp?filename=trycss3_animation1 http://www.standardista.com/sxsw/#slide24
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Transition transition A shorthand property for setting the four transition properties transition-property Specifies the name of the CSS property the transition effect is for transition-duration Specifies how many seconds or milliseconds a transition effect takes to complete transition-timing-function Specifies the speed curve of the transition effect transition-delay Specifies when the transition effect will start Example: http://css3.bradshawenterprises.com/transitions/
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Transform transform Applies a 2D or 3D transformation to an element transform-origin Allows you to change the position on transformed elements transform-style Specifies how nested elements are rendered in 3D space perspective Specifies the perspective on how 3D elements are viewed perspective-origin Specifies the bottom position of 3D elements backface-visibility Defines whether or not an element should be visible when not facing the screen Examples: http://westciv.com/tools/3Dtransforms/index.html http://css3.bradshawenterprises.com/transforms/
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Background background-clip Specifies the painting area of the background background-origin Specifies the positioning area of the background images background-size Specifies the size of the background images Example: http://www.css3.info/preview/background-origin-and-background-clip/ background-gradient Specifies a gradient (shifting from one color to another) in the background Examples: http://www.stanford.edu/group/ttsclasses/cgi-bin/techietips/?p=485 http://css-tricks.com/5700-css3-gradients/ http://www.standardista.com/sxsw/#slide3
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Border border-bottom-left-radius Defines the shape of the border of the bottom-left corner border-bottom-right-radius Defines the shape of the border of the bottom-right corner border-image A shorthand property for setting all the border-image-* properties border-image-outset Specifies the amount by which the border image area extends beyond the border box border-image-repeat Specifies whether the image-border should be repeated, rounded or stretched border-image-slice Specifies the inward offsets of the image-border border-image-source Specifies an image to be used as a border border-image-width Specifies the widths of the image-border border-radius A shorthand property for setting all the four border-*-radius properties border-top-left-radius Defines the shape of the border of the top-left corner border-top-right-radius Defines the shape of the border of the top-right corner Examples: http://www.css3.info/preview/rounded-border/ http://border-radius.com/
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Box box-decoration-break Defines a break in the box’s decoration Example: http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-background/#the-box-decoration-breakhttp://www.w3.org/TR/css3-background/#the-box-decoration-break box-shadow Attaches one or more drop-shadows to the box Examples: http://www.css3.info/preview/box-shadow/ http://www.standardista.com/sxsw/#slide9 overflow-x Specifies whether or not to clip the left/right edges of the content, if it overflows the element's content area overflow-y Specifies whether or not to clip the top/bottom edges of the content, if it overflows the element's content area overflow-style Specifies the preferred scrolling method for elements that overflow Example: http://www.css3.info/overflow-xoverflow-yhttp://www.css3.info/overflow-xoverflow-y
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Flexible Box Specification is still under development…Stay Tuned!!! Example: http://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/flexbox/quick/ http://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/flexbox/quick/
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Color RGBA(Red,Green,Blue,Alpha opacity) rgba(100%,0%,0%,0.8) produces 80% red. Examples: http://www.css3.info/preview/rgba/ http://hex2rgba.devoth.com/ http://www.css3.info/preview/rgba/ http://hex2rgba.devoth.com/ HSLA (Hue, Saturation, Lightness, Alpha opacity) hsla(0,100%, 50%,1.0) produces 100% red. Examples: http://hslpicker.com/ http://www.css3.info/preview/hsl/ http://hslpicker.com/ http://www.css3.info/preview/hsl/ opacity Sets the opacity level for an element from 0 to 1.0. Example: http://www.css3.info/preview/opacity/ http://www.standardista.com/sxsw/#slide6 http://www.css3.info/preview/opacity/ http://www.standardista.com/sxsw/#slide6
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Font Free web fonts: http://www.google.com/webfonts http://www.fontsquirrel.com http://www.google.com/webfonts http://www.fontsquirrel.com @font-face A rule that allows websites to download and use fonts other than the "web-safe" fonts Examples: http://css-tricks.com/snippets/css/using-font-face/ http://www.css3.info/preview/web-fonts-with-font-face/ font-size-adjust Preserves the readability of text when font fallback occurs Example: http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-fonts/#font-size-adjust-prop font-stretch Selects a normal, condensed, or expanded face from a font family Example: Currently no browser supports font-stretch
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Text hanging-punctuation Specifies whether a punctuation character may be placed outside the line box Example: Currently no browser supports hanging-punctuation punctuation-trim Specifies whether a punctuation character should be trimmed Example: Currently no browser supports punctuation-trim text-outline Specifies a text outline Example: Currently no browser supports text-outline text-wrap Specifies line breaking rules for text Example: Currently no browser supports text-wrap text-align-last Describes how the last line of a block or a line right before a forced line break is aligned when text- align is "justify" Example: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms531163(VS.85).aspx http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms531163(VS.85).aspx
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Text (continued) text-justify Specifies the justification method used when text-align is "justify" Example: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms531172(v=VS.85).aspx text-shadow Adds shadow to text Examples: http://www.css3.info/preview/text-shadow/ http://www.quirksmode.org/css/textshadow.html http://www.standardista.com/sxsw/#slide9 word-break Specifies line breaking rules for non-CJK (Chinese/Japanese/Korean) text Example: http://www.w3schools.com/cssref/tryit.asp?filename=trycss3_word-break word-wrap Allows long, unbreakable words to be broken and wrap to the next line Example: http://www.css3.info/preview/word-wrap/
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Grid grid-columns Specifies the width of each column in a grid grid-rows Specifies the height of each column in a grid Examples: http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css3-grid-align http://www.xanthir.com/blog/b4580 http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css3-grid-align http://www.xanthir.com/blog/b4580
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Multi-column column-count Specifies the number of columns an element should be divided into column-fill Specifies how to fill columns column-gap Specifies the gap between the columns column-rule A shorthand property for setting all the column-rule-* properties column-rule-color Specifies the color of the rule between columns column-rule-style Specifies the style of the rule between columns column-rule-width Specifies the width of the rule between columns column-span Specifies how many columns an element should span across column-width Specifies the width of the columns columns A shorthand property for setting column-width and column-count Examples: http://www.quirksmode.org/css/multicolumn.html http://www.css3.info/preview/multi-column-layout/
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Marquee marquee-direction Sets the direction of the moving content marquee-play-count Sets how many times the content move marquee-speed Sets how fast the content scrolls marquee-style Sets the style of the moving content Examples: http://www.css3.info/modules/css3-marquee- module/ http://www.cssplay.co.uk/menu/css3-marquee.html http://www.css3.info/modules/css3-marquee- module/ http://www.cssplay.co.uk/menu/css3-marquee.html
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Ruby ruby-align Controls the text alignment of the ruby text and ruby base contents relative to each other ruby-overhang Determines whether, and on which side, ruby text is allowed to partially overhang any adjacent text in addition to its own base, when the ruby text is wider than the ruby base ruby-position Controls the position of the ruby text with respect to its base ruby-span Controls the spanning behavior of annotation elements Examples: http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-ruby http://www.storiesinflight.com/html5/ruby.html
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User-Interface appearance Makes any element appear like a form element (e.g., paragraphs can look like buttons). Examples: https://developer.mozilla.org/en/CSS/-moz-appearance http://davidwalsh.name/dw-content/webkit-styles.php box-sizing Forces an element fit inside an area. Example: http://css-tricks.com/examples/BoxSizing/ outline-offset Offsets an outline, and draws it beyond the border edge Example: http://www.w3schools.com/cssref/tryit.asp?filename=trycss3_outline-offset resize Specifies whether or not an element is resizable by the user Example: http://www.css3.info/preview/resize/
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User-Interface (continued) nav-index Specifies the tabbing order for an element nav-down Specifies the position of the element when using the arrow-down navigation key nav-left Specifies the position of the element when using the arrow-left navigation key nav-right Specifies the position of the element when using the arrow-right navigation key nav-up Specifies the position of the element when using the arrow-up navigation key Example: Currently no browser supports the nav* properties
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Content for Paged Media (print) bookmark-label Specifies the label of the bookmark bookmark-level Specifies the level of the bookmark bookmark-target Specifies the target of the bookmark link Example: http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-gcpm/#bookmarks float-offset Pushes floated elements in the opposite direction of the where they have been floated with float Example: http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-gcpm/#the-float-offset-property image-resolution Specifies the resolution of an image Example: http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css3-images/#image-resolution marks Adds crop and/or cross marks to the document Example: http://www.quackit.com/css/properties/css_marks.cfm string-set Named strings are created with the ‘string-set’ property which copies a string of text into the named string. Only text is copied; not style, structure, or replaced content Example: http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-gcpm/#string-set
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Content for Paged Media (print) - continued hyphenate-after Specifies the minimum number of characters in a hyphenated word after the hyphenation character hyphenate-before Specifies the minimum number of characters in a hyphenated word before the hyphenation character hyphenate-character Specifies a string that is shown when a hyphenate-break occurs hyphenate-lines Indicates the maximum number of successive hyphenated lines in an element hyphenate-resource Specifies a comma-separated list of external resources that can help the browser determine hyphenation points hyphens Sets how to split words to improve the layout of paragraphs Example: http://meyerweb.com/eric/css/tests/css3/show.php?p=hyphens http://meyerweb.com/eric/css/tests/css3/show.php?p=hyphens
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More Paged Media Properties object-fit Gives a hint for how to scale a replaced element if neither its width nor its height property is auto object-position Determines the alignment of the object inside the box Examples: http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-images/#object-fit http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-images/#object-position image-orientation Specifies a rotation in the right or clockwise direction that a user agent applies to an image Example: http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css3-images/#image-orientation size Specifies the size and orientation of the containing box for page content Example: http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css3-page/#page-size-prop
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Speech mark A shorthand property for setting the mark-before and mark-after properties mark-after Allows named markers to be attached to the audio stream mark-before Allows named markers to be attached to the audio stream phonemes Specifies a phonetic pronunciation for the text contained by the corresponding element rest A shorthand property for setting the rest-before and rest-after properties rest-after Specifies a rest or prosodic boundary to be observed after speaking an element's content rest-before Specifies a rest or prosodic boundary to be observed before speaking an element's content
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Speech (continued) voice-balance Specifies the balance between left and right channels voice-duration Specifies how long it should take to render the selected element's content voice-pitch Specifies the average pitch (a frequency) of the speaking voice voice-pitch-range Specifies variation in average pitch voice-rate Controls the speaking rate voice-stress Indicates the strength of emphasis to be applied voice-volume Refers to the amplitude of the waveform output by the speech synthesizes Examples: http://www.css3.info/preview/speech/ http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css3-speech/
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Linebox alignment-adjust Allows more precise alignment of elements alignment-baseline Specifies how an inline-level element is aligned with respect to its parent baseline-shift Allows repositioning of the dominant-baseline relative to the dominant-baseline dominant-baseline Specifies a scaled-baseline-table drop-initial-after-adjust Sets the alignment point of the drop initial for the primary connection point drop-initial-after-align Sets which alignment line within the initial line box is used at the primary connection point with the initial letter box drop-initial-before-adjust Sets the alignment point of the drop initial for the secondary connection point drop-initial-before-align Sets which alignment line within the initial line box is used at the secondary connection point with the initial letter box drop-initial-size Controls the partial sinking of the initial letter drop-initial-value Activates a drop-initial effect
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Linebox (continued) inline-box-align Sets which line of a multi-line inline block align with the previous and next inline elements within a line line-stacking A shorthand property for setting the line-stacking-strategy, line-stacking-ruby, and line-stacking-shift properties line-stacking-ruby Sets the line stacking method for block elements containing ruby annotation elements line-stacking-shift Sets the line stacking method for block elements containing elements with base-shift line-stacking-strategy Sets the line stacking strategy for stacked line boxes within a containing block element text-height Sets the block-progression dimension of the text content area of an inline box Example: http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css3-linebox/#properties
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Hyperlink target A shorthand property for setting the target-name, target-new, and target-position properties target-name Specifies where to open links (target destination) target-new Specifies whether new destination links should open in a new window or in a new tab of an existing window target-position Specifies where new destination links should be placed Examples: http://thinkvitamin.com/design/stay-on-target/ http://virtuelvis.com/gallery/css3/target/interface.html http://www.uselesscode.org/blog/82/pure-css3-tab-widget
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Some CSS3 Resources… http://www.stanford.edu/group/ttsclasses/css/ http://border-radius.com/ http://caniuse.com/ http://css-tricks.com/ http://css3.bradshawenterprises.com http://css3.info/ http://cssplay.co.uk/menu/css3-marquee.html http://davidwalsh.name/dw-content/webkit- styles.php http://dev.w3.org/csswg/ http://fontsquirrel.com/ http://google.com/webfonts http://hex2rgba.devoth.com/ http://hslpicker.com/ http://html5rocks.com/ http://leemunroe.com http://meyerweb.com/eric/css/ http://msdn.microsoft.com/ http://quackit.com/css http://quirksmode.org/css/contents.html http://standardista.com http://standardista.com/sxsw http://storiesinflight.com/html5/ruby.html http://stubbornella.org/content/category/general/gee k/css/ http://thinkvitamin.com/design/stay-on-target/ http://uselesscode.org/blog/82/pure-css3-tab-widget http://virtuelvis.com/gallery/css3/target/interface.htm l http://w3.org/ http://w3schools.com http://westciv.com/tools/3Dtransforms http://xanthir.com/blog http://xanthir.com/blog/b4580 http://selectivizr.com
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