1. Water Soluble Vitamins

2. Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) 1.Helps in the release of energy from carbohydrate in food 2.Required for the functioning of nerves

5. Vitamin B1 Deficiency Prolonged deficiency can result in the disease beri-beri. Swelling of legs Weakness Heart enlarges Loss of appetite Irritability Nervous tingling throughout the body Poor arm and leg co- ordination Deep muscle pain in the calves. © 1999 Wadsdworth Publishing Company

6. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) 1.Helps in the release of energy from carbohydrate in food 2.Helps in the normal growth and development Sec 3E/ Food & Nutrition/ Ms Michelle Ng

8. Vitamin B2 Deficiency 1.Failure to grow. 2.Skin lesions, dermatitis (skin disorder) and conjuctivitis (disorder of the outer membrane of the eye). 3.Tongue may swell, mouth and lips become sore. © Oxford University Press 1998

9. Vitamin B3 (Niacin) 1.Helps in the release of energy from carbohydrate in food 2.Helps enzymes to function properly Sec 3E/ Food & Nutrition/ Ms Michelle Ng

12. Niacin results in the disease pellagra, which has these symtoms: © 1999 Wadsdworth Publishing Company Dermatitis, especially on the skin that is exposed to the sun. Dementia, loss of memory, confusion, depression Diarrhoea, abdominal discomfort, loss of appetite, loose frequent stools. Vitamin B3 Deficiency © Oxford University Press 1998

14. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) 1.Helps in the release of energy from carbohydrate in food 2.Helps to maintain a healthy nervous system 3.Helps to fight infection Sec 3E/ Food & Nutrition/ Ms Michelle Ng

17. Vitamin B6 Deficiency & Overdose Deficiency Diarrhoea Skin disorders Overdose Nerve damage

18. Vitamin B9 (Folate) 1.Important for releasing energy from amino acids (protein) in food 2.Plays an important role in the manufacturing of new cells and genetic materials 3.Works with vitamins B12 and iron to from red blood cells Sec 3E/ Food & Nutrition/ Ms Michelle Ng

20. Folate Deficiency Neural tube defects: Malformation of the brain, spinal cord, or both during embryonic development. A baby with spina bifida, a form of neural tube defect associated with poor folate status early in pregnancy.

21. Folate Deficiency

22. Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) 1.Required for the normal production of amino acids 2.Helps to maintain enzyme systems 3.Assists in manufacturing red blood cells

24. Vitamin B12 Defciency Anaemia