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Published byBrenda Norton Modified over 9 years ago
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Percent Composition
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What is Percent Composition? The percent composition by mass of a compound represents the percent that each element in a compound contributes to the total mass of the compound.
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How do I calculate percent composition? Formula: %mass = grams of element in 1 mol compound x 100% molar mass of compound Example: What is the percent composition of water (H 2 O)? Step 1: figure out the molar mass from the formula 2 mol Hydrogen x 1.01g = 2.02g 1mol Oxygen x 16.00g = 16.00g molar mass of water = 18.02g Step 2: divide the answer for each atom by the molar mass and multiply by 100 to get a percentage 2.02 g of H / 18.02 g of H 2 O x 100 % = 11.21% Hydrogen 16.00 g of O / 18.02 g of H 2 O x 100 % = 88.79% Oxygen Your percentages should add up to 100%
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Same concept, but worded differently An 8.20g piece of magnesium combines completely with 5.40g of oxygen to form magnesium oxide. What is the percent composition of the magnesium oxide? Solution: Step 1: Find the mass of the compound 8.20g Mg + 5.40g O = 13.60 g Step 2: Find the percent by mass of each element %Mg = 8.20g x 100% = 60.29% of Mg 13.60 g %O = 5.40g x 100% = 39.71 % of O 13.60 g
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Your Turn: What is the percent composition of glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) Step 1: figure out the molar mass: Step 2: Divide the answer of each atom by the molar mass and multiply by 100
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Practice Problems Calculate the percentage composition by mass of the following compounds 1) HgO 2) Na 2 S 3) (NH 4 ) 2 S 4) Sr(NO 3 ) 2
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