1. Construction Industry

2. Salisbury Cathedral

3. Taj Mahal

4. Sydney Opera House

5. Residential Area in Dubai

6. CCTV Tower in Beijing

7. Construction People, Tools, Equipment and Materials coordinated by Communication

8. Construction Site

9. Construction Project Construction site Supply chains Warehouses Factories Processing plants Mines

10. Project at hub of Supply Chains Relationships Suppliers and flow of resources Trade contractors Key:

11. Leading Construction Roles Customers Designers Contractors Facilities Managers Project Managers Construction Managers

12. Construction Produces buildings and infrastructure Undertaken by companies In projects or programmes Faces internal complexity Subject to external interference

13. Designer led Practice Customer employs designer Design team produce complete design Aided by specialist engineers and companies Contractor selected by competition Subcontractors construct new facility Design team supervise construction Hand-over to customer on completion

14. Designer led Practice CUSTOMER MAIN CONTRACTOR ARCHITECT SPECIALIST DESIGNERS SPECIALIST CONSULTANTS TRADE CONTRACTORS

15. Designer led Practice Strengths Customer has single point of contact Integrated design High quality

16. Designer led Practice Weaknesses Variable design quality Inefficient manufacturing and production Tensions between designers and contractors Design changes delay production Defects at hand over Late completions Claims

17. Manager led Practice Customer employs design team and management team Teams produce design and plan Specialist contractors selected by competition Specialist contractors construct new facility Teams supervise construction Hand over to customer on completion

18. Manager led Practice MAIN CONTRACTOR CUSTOMER PM TEAM DM TEAM SPECIALIST DESIGNERS SPECIALIST CONSULTANTS TRADE CONTRACTORS

19. Manager led Practice Strengths Focus on customer’s time and cost objectives Design based on established manufacturing and production technologies Experienced management of whole project Established relationships with supply chains Good value Fast completion

20. Manager led Practice Weaknesses Dull design Customer has a multitude of contracts Variable quality Innovative designs cause disputes Dangerous compromises

21. Contractor led Practice Customer employs contractor Contractor produces design Subcontractors construct new facility Hand over to customer on completion

22. Contractor led Practice MAIN CONTRACTOR CUSTOMER SPECIALIST DESIGNERS SPECIALIST CONSULTANTS TRADE CONTRACTORS

23. Contractor led Practice Strengths Customer has single point of contact Focus on efficiency Design based on established manufacturing and production technologies Experienced management of whole project Established relationships with supply chains Good value Relaible completion

24. Contractor led Practice Weaknesses Dull design Depends on large contractors Subcontracting can undermine strengths