1. Continuous Professional Development
Amal Al Otaibi
CP, MME

2. I've learned that in medicine nothing is "never" and it's certainly never "always"
 Stephen Sullivan. Knowledge and the Half-Life of Truth.
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3. Example of outdated knowledge
Infectious hepatitis – now hepatitis A
Serum hepatitis – now hepatitis B
Non A non B hepatitis – now hepatitis C
Diabetes was checked formerly by urine ketones instead of blood glucose
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4. 50 years ago radical mastectomy and radiotherapy – Now lumpectomy
HRT was used to protect the heart – now considered harmful
Flu vaccine under age 5 was routinely recommended in the past …
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5. Aim – Objectives
At the end of this lecture you are expected to have information about continuous professional development and its importance for medical doctors.
Objectives
define CME & CPD
discuss the half life of medical knowledge
explain the CPD cycle
Discuss the methods of keeping updated.
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6. Continuing Medical Education (CME):
The American Medical Association (AMA) defines CME as educational activities which serve to maintain, develop, or increase the knowledge, skills, and professional performance and relationships that health professionals use to provide services for patients, the public, or the profession.
Johns Hopkins University, 2007

7. Continuing Professional development (CPD):
“Continuing professional development (CPD), in comparison to CME, is a broader concept, refers to the continuing development of the multi-faceted competencies inherent in medical practice, covering wider domains of professionalism needed for high quality professional performance.” (WFME, 2003)
Peck et al (2000) indicated that there is no sharp division between CME and CPD.
CME describes continuing education in the field of knowledge and skills of medical practice; (e.g. medical, managerial, social and personal subjects)

8. CME & CPD:
Other researchers assumed that Continuing medical education is seen as representing a more teacher based didactic style whereas continuing professional development implies a more learner centered and self directed approach of learning. (Peter &roger, 1999)

9. History:
CME was initiated by the American Academy of General Practice, which has required CME for membership since
In 1971 New Mexico became the first state to require CME credit for relicense.
Recently the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties (SCHS) required CME for registration of all health professionals working in Saudi Arabia to ensure high quality professional performance.

10. CPD for medical professionals
CPD consists of any educational activity which helps to maintain, develop or increase knowledge, problem-solving, technical skills or professional performance standards all with the goal that physicians can provide better health care.
CPD includes 'formal' activities, e.g. courses, conferences and workshops, as well as self- directed activities such as preceptorship and directed reading.
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11. The nature of information is changing
Why is CPD important?
The nature of information is changing
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12. Importance of CPD
CPD allows doctors to demonstrate that they are maintaining their skills in their practice.
It also allows doctors to develop professionally and to learn from more informal experiences.

13. What is the half life of medical knowledge?
any new information we may gather has a half-life of 5 years.
Lifelong learning is important, but no more important than clinical judgement, common sense and a critical evaluation of new information.
Emanuel E. "A half-life of 5 years" Can Med Assoc J 112:572, 1975
A. J. MACGREGOR. Half-life of medical knowledge. CMA JOURNAL/MAY 17, 1975/VOL
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14. The CPD Cycle
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15. Sources of Professional Knowledge
Textbooks
Medical literature (journals)
Short term courses
Long term trainings (Masters, PhD…)
Educational meetings (Conferences, panels..)
Information from the media
Exchange of experience with colleagues
Reviving personal experience
Collecting experience out of school
Learning on own initiative

16. 'You must keep your knowledge and skills up to date throughout your working life. In particular, you should take part regularly in educational activities which maintain and further develop your competence and performance.'

17. Purpose of CPD:
The ultimate purpose of CPD is to contribute to high-quality patient care. As a result, CPD should take into account the needs and wishes of patients.

18. Individual doctors need to keep themselves up to date in all areas of Good Medical Practice. These are:
good professional practice;
maintaining good medical practice;
relationships with patients;
working with colleagues;
teaching and training;
probity and health.

19. Benefits of CPD: Build confidence and credibility
Achieve your career goals
Cope positively with change
Be more productive and efficient
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20. How CPD benefits the organization
Helps maximize staff potential by linking learning to actions and theory to practice.
Helps set SMART (specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time-bound) objectives
Promotes staff development.
helps give a positive image/brand to organizations. …
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21. Study:
The Perceived Effectiveness Of Continuing Medical Education Among Health Professionals In Two Of The Main Hospitals in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia. By Amal Al Otaibi

23. Perceived benefits gained

27. Take home message
Doctors are responsible for keeping themselves up to date in all areas of their practice.
What doctors learn at medical school and during postgraduate training needs to be updated throughout their careers to reflect changes in practice.
Doctors should think carefully about all their learning experiences to help them provide the highest quality patient care.

28. Thank you

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