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Published byGarey Strickland Modified over 9 years ago
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Chapter 3 Female Sexual Anatomy and Physiology
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External Sex Organs Vulva/Pudendum – entire female region of external sex organs Mons Veneris Protective, fatty cushion over the pubic bone Covered with pubic hair Labia Majora Outer lips; Tissue folds from mons to perineum surrounding the rest of the female genitals Engorge with blood if excited
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All shapes, colors, and sizes!
Some caveats on anatomical drawings…
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The external genital structures of the mature female.
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External Sex Organs Labia Minora Clitoris
Inner lips; pink tissue folds between vestibule and labia majora No hair; many oil glands; Darken if sexually aroused Clitoris Small cylindrical erectile tissue beneath the prepuce Rich in blood supply and nerve endings; Solely to provide sexual pleasure, primarily via indirect stimulation
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THE EXTERNAL GENITAL STRUCTURES OF THE MATURE FEMALE.
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The Underlying Structures of the Vulva
Pubic bone Clitoral hood Glans of clitoris Crura of clitoris Glans of clitoris Urethral opening Caption: The underlying structures of the vulva. Vestibular bulbs Lower pubic bone Bartholins gland Vaginal opening
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External Sex Organs VESTIBULE Region between the labia minora Urethral and vaginal openings, Bartholin’s glands ducts
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Between clitoris and vagina
External Sex Organs URETHRAL MEATUS Between clitoris and vagina
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Between anus and vagina
External Sex Organs PERINEUM Between anus and vagina
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VAGINA Internal Sex Organs
4 inch, thin-walled from the introitus to the cervix, tilted back; Organ of intercourse and canal for menses and babies
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VAGINA Internal Sex Organs
Lubricant secreted from vaginal wall openings when engorged; First 1/3 contains many nerve endings, Inner 2/3 has little nerves
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Internal Sex Organs VAGINAL LUBRICATION Lubrication changes vaginal pH (↑alkaline) and increases pleasure Vasocongestion – Engorgement of blood vessels
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INTERNAL SEX ORGANS Grafenberg Spot (G-spot) –spot in the lower third of anterior vaginal wall (2-3 inches up), just past the pubic bone Sensitive area Analogous to the prostate gland
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Cervix – Internal Sex Organs At bottom of the uterus; Doughnut-shaped
Secretes mucus to help or impede sperm, depending on the monthly cycle
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THE FEMALE INTERNAL REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM (SIDE VIEW).
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Internal Sex Organs UTERUS – 1-inch thick walls
Between the bladder and rectum Protects fetus Contractions to expel menses and fetus 3 inches long, 2 inches wide
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Internal Sex Organs FALLOPIAN TUBES OVARIES – form of an almond shell; contain 250,000 ova each; produce estrogen!
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Other Sex Organs Any area can be arousing depending on: the type of stimulation and the perceptions of the recipient
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OTHER SEX ORGANS BREASTS– modified sweat glands that produce milk; fatty tissue, NIPPLE, AREOLA Sucking stimulates pituitary gland to release prolactin (begin milk synthesis) and oxytocin (release of milk)
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The Female Maturation Cycle
Female Puberty Menstruation Menopause
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Female Puberty Begins anywhere from 8 to 17 years of age
Earlier onset of menstruation may be due to being overweight; can vary by population
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Female Puberty Puberty lasts about 3 to 5 years
Begins when pituitary gland initiates release of FSH and LH, which increases the ovaries production of estrogen Increased size of Fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, breasts, buttocks, thighs
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Female Puberty Pelvis widens Pubic hair grows During puberty (usually 11 or 12 years), ovulation commences Menarche occurs during this time as well
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Changes During the Menstrual Cycle
Caption:
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The cycle of female hormones.
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Menopause A woman’s final menstrual period
Climacteric – period of decreased estrogen production and menstruation stops; years, average 51 years Typically have irregular cycles, rather than a sudden stop Sexual glands decrease in size Secondary sex characteristics change
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Menopause Hormonal changes – hot flashes, headaches, sleep disturbances Sexual complaints Menopause can be induced by surgically removing the ovaries; doctors try to keep at least one in if surgery is necessary
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