1. ROME Chapter 6, Section 1

2. KWL Time!!

3. Heard these???  “When in Rome, do as the Romans.” Sometimes people will just say, “When in Rome!”  “Rome was not built in a day.”  “All roads lead to Rome.”

4. Romulus and Remus

5. Raised by Wolves  Romulus and Remus

6. Romulus and Remus

8.  Myths and Legends - The Founding of Rome - YouTube Myths and Legends - The Founding of Rome - YouTube

9. Rome’s Founding  753 BCE  By the Latins-Indo-European tribe- 1000s BCE

10. Map It!!!  Mediterranean Sea  Adriatic Sea  Tyrrhenian Sea  Ionian Sea  Alps  Rome  Sicily  Milan  Naples  Venice  Florence  Apennine Mountains  Mt. Vesuvius  Pompeii  Tiber River  Po River  Arno River  Carthage (in Africa!)

11. How did geography help?  Look at Italy on page 162

12. Latin Kings  Beginning-Latin kings ruled  616 BCE- Etruscans enter

13. Etruscans  Heavily influenced by the Greeks!  Called themselves the Rasenna, the Greeks called them Tyrrhenioi; the Romans called them the Etruscans.  Let’s look at their influence on Rome!

14.  Etruscans prt 1 - YouTube Etruscans prt 1 - YouTube

15. Etruscans

25. Activity Time!!!  See page 164  6 groups

26. Homework  Create a map of Italy  Mark each location on your list  Second, read and complete Section 1 sheets.

27.  You will have a quiz Thursday over the material covered Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday.  You will have a map quiz Friday.

28. Outline I. Etruscans-finish activity II. Rome Becomes a Republic A. Founding of Republic B. Structure of Govt 1. Patricians 2. Plebeians 3. Checks and Balances III. Republic Expands A. Military Might 1. Organization of army a. legion b. maniple

29. c. centuries -centurions d. standard bearers e. legionary f. training g. auxiliaries B. Conquest of Italy C. Sicily 1. Carthage a. Punic Wars -Hannibal -Scipio D. Greece

30. Finish Etruscans Activity

31. Rome becomes a Republic  509 BCE-Romans are fed up!!!  They start a republic!!!  What the heck is that????

32. What’d you learn???  So what’d you learn in your reading???

33. Patricians and Plebeians  Patricians-who were they??  aristocratic families-controlled everything w/ a patronage system

34. Patricians and Plebeians  Plebeians-who were they??  Common people  But they did have some power!

35. Plebeians  Who made up the army???  Example-494 BCE-see page 165

36. Plebeian Council  Their own assembly!  What was its job?? See page 165  How did the plebeians guarantee their rights???-pg 165

37. Twelve Tables  450 BCE  Twelve Tables displayed in the Roman Forum  What’s the Roman Forum?

38. Why does it matter….  If the laws were displayed???

39. 12 Tables  Let’s look on page 165 at some of the laws.  What one law attempted to preserve the patricians’ special status????

40. Congratulations! It’s a republic!! Republican Government ….let’s see what that is

41. Republican Government  Constitution  3 parts:  1. Senate  2. Popular Assemblies  3. Magistrates  Let’s explain these…..see page 166

42. Graphic Organizer  See page 166

43. The Roman Forum

44. What did they do at the Forum?

45. It wasn’t all about the city!  What did your reading say was the most noble work???  Illustrated in the story of Cincinnatus…..  What happened in that story??

46. The Republic Expands  THE ROMAN ARMY-MILITARY MIGHT!  Let’s look at the Roman army!

47. How was the Roman Army organised?  Main part of the army was the LEGION  Made up of 5000 men under the command of the LEGATE

48.  The Roman Military Machine - YouTube The Roman Military Machine - YouTube

49. Maniple  Roman military formation

50. Organization of Roman Army  The legion divided into ten cohorts  Each cohort was made up of six centuries  The centuries were commanded by a centurion  Centuries originally had 100 men

51. Organization of Roman Army  Centurions were  very important men  responsible for training the soldiers under their command and making sure everyone obeyed orders.

52. Standard Bearers  Each century had its own emblem or standard, carried by the standard bearer-an experienced & trusted soldier.  Losing standard=a disgrace

53. How to become a Legionary!  You had to be: a Roman citizen under 45 physically fit and 1.6m tall (5.3 feet)  You had to: stay in the army for 25 years

54. Training  Most soldiers joined between 18-20 years old  three 30km marches each month (approx 18 miles), carry 25 kilos of equipment (approx 60 lbs)

55. Who else was in the Army?  Auxiliaries- soldiers from lands conquered by the Romans who volunteered to fight in Roman army  many of these had special skills- like cavalry soldiers

56. Auxiliaries  Archers (in addition to cavalry)  Most fought with a sword & short spear  Thought of by Romans as second class soldiers, paid less and not trained as hard  After 25 years they became citizens (and their children too!)

57. Conquest of Italy  Rome imposed few conditions on its subjects  Was this a good idea???  People had to provide troops to the Roman army  So once Italy was conquered, Rome turned its attention to Sicily…….

58. Sicily

59. Cause of Punic Wars  Understanding cause and effect!  Let’s look at the Punic Wars

60. Punic Wars  Fought between Carthage (where is it??) and Rome  264-149 BCE  A series of three wars

61. First Punic War  Fought mainly on the seas  Carthage’s superior navy defeated Rome early  Effect: What do you think the Romans did after the defeat?  So who won first war?

62. Second Punic War  Say hello to Hannibal

63. Second Punic War  218 BCE  Hannibal leads army & war elephants across the Pyrenees & the Alps to invade Italy

64. Hannibal  Brilliant general  Had many victories  Gave Rome its worst defeat ever suffered-50,000 killed in one battle- Battle of Cannae  Second Punic War - YouTube Second Punic War - YouTube  What could Rome do????

65. Meet Publius Cornelius Scipio (Skipio)  While Hannibal was in Spain, Scipio attached Carthage itself  What did Hannibal do???

66.  202 BCE, Scipio routed Hannibal’s forces, ending the 2 nd Punic War  Effect: Rome became the leading power of the western mediterranean

67.  Scipio received the name Africanus after routing Carthage

68. Final Punic War  Losses of 2 nd Punic War  “Carthage must be destroyed.”  149-146 BCE - 3 rd Punic War  Carthagenians enslaved and city destroyed-no one could live there

69. Greece was next  See page 169

70. Homework  http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/ polybius-maniple.asp http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/ polybius-maniple.asp  This compares the Greek phalanx with the Roman maniple. List some similarities and differences.