1. Pinnipeds FEATHER-FOOTED

2. Pinnipeds “Feather-footed” Phocidae - True “earless” seals 9 species Otariidae - “eared seals” 5 sea lion species 9 fur seal species Odobenidae “Tooth Walker” Walrus 2 sub-species

3. Harbor Seal Most widely distributed Temperate and tropical Arctic and subarctic http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/mammals/pinnipeds/harborseal.htm

4. Marine Mammal Protection Act

5. Elephant Seals Coast of Alaska to Baja Sexual dimorphism 1500m – 1.5-2 hours http://www.afsc.noaa.gov/nmml/education/pinnipeds/nelephant.php

6. Ringed Seal Arctic Polar bear diet Climate change http://www.afsc.noaa.gov/nmml/education/pinnipeds/ringed.php

7. Ringed Seal Sub-Species Endangered Ladoga Threatened/Depleted Arctic Okhotsk Baltic http://www.afsc.noaa.gov/nmml/education/pinnipeds/ringed.php

8. Bearded Seal Arctic Important polar bear food source Climate change http://www.afsc.noaa.gov/nmml/education/pinnipeds/bearded.php

9. Monk Seals Hawaiian Critically endangered Mediterranean Caribbean extinct http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/mammals/pinnipeds/hawaiianmonkseal.htm

10. Leopard Seal Antarctic Climate change and krill fisheries http://www.afsc.noaa.gov/nmml/education/pinnipeds/leopard.php

11. Antarctic Climate change and krill fisheries Weddell Seal http://www.afsc.noaa.gov/nmml/education/pinnipeds/weddell.php

12. California Sea Lions W. Coast of North America

13. Dams Bonneville Dam Columbia River Endangered salmon

14. Stellar Sea Lions North Pacific rim from Alaska to California Sea Lion Caves (Oregon)

15. Stellar Sea Lions Listed as threatened in 1990 Western range listed as endangered in 1997 Why? Incidental take and competition from fisheries illegal and legal shooting predation or certain diseases Climate change Affect prey availability More vulnerable to certain diseases or contaminants

16. Fur Seals Northern 6 locations in the North Pacific and Bering Sea Southern (Antarctic) http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/mammals/pinnipeds/northernfurseal.htm

17. Northern Fur Seals Hunted without regulation until 1911 Recovered by 1950s But down by 50% now Evidence of continual decline http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/mammals/pinnipeds/northernfurseal.htm

18. Walrus Pacific and Atlantic Not listed as endangered or threatened USFW determined that it is warranted that they should be considered. (Summer 2014) Candidate species http://www.fws.gov/refuge/Togiak/wildlife_and_habitat/walrus.htm l

19. http://gallery.usgs.gov/videos/600#.VDwLt010xD8 Tracking the Pacific Walrus: Expedition to the Shrinking Chukchi Sea Ice U.S. Geological Survey

23. Walrus Vibrissae Each vibrissa (whisker) has its own nerve and blood supply

24. Walrus Diet Benthic prey (clams, worms, bottom fish, etc.) 3000-6000/day Shallow water Hours at time

25. Walrus Tusks Elongated canine teeth. Both male and female Haul out Defense

26. Other Challenges for survival?

27. Toxins Agricultural Pesticide, lasting effects of oil spills, oil from vehicles, etc. Accumulates in blubber

28. Commercial Fishing Unsustainable Damage habitat (trawling) Benthic organisms Competition for resources

29. Ask Where does this seafood come from How is it fished/farmed? Share your knowledge Write a letter to your grocery store Contact restaurants asking them to purchase sustainable seafood Share APP with friends and family Informed Consumer http://www.seafoodwatch.org/se afood-recommendations/our-app

30. Sound Pollution Boat traffic Low flying planes Walruses especially vulnerable in when hauled out. Become nervous and may trample young pups Drilling May cause them to move to areas that have less food

31. Entanglement Marine debris Fishing nets and line

32. E.T. Found orphaned as a pup in Prudhoe Bay, AK in 1982 3,400-4,500 lbs Knows over 100 behaviors PDZA

33. Basilla Born in the wild in 1984 About 2000 lbs Joan Born in the wild in 1995 Weighs about 1500 lbs Came to PDZA in 2006 from Brookfield Zoo in Chicago, IL.

34. 6 males and 11 females (6.11 walruses) 7 U.S. facilities (PDZA, New York Aquarium, Indianapolis Zoo, Six Flags Discovery Kingdom, Sea World-Orlando, Texas and California) Began keeping in the 1930’s Only 6 successful births (defined as surviving past 1 year of age) Study of captive populations needed to understand wild populations Walruses in U.S. Zoos

35. Why no tusks? Tusks up to 3 feet long Tusks were removed because they had tooth infections A tusk infection that doesn’t respond to medicine could be lethal

36. Blackie & Louise Females Born in the wild near Grayland, WA in 1976 & 1977 PDZA Qilak & Shila Females Born in the wild in 2004 & 2005 Came to PDZA in 2009 from Alaska Sea Life Center

37. Hogan Male Born June 2, 2013 @ PDZA to Shila PDZA Saya Female Born June 10, 2013 @ PDZA to Qilak