1. Irony: When there is a discrepancy between the intended results and the actual result. Types of Irony 1.Verbal 2. Situational 3. Dramatic

2.  Situational Irony: When the expected outcome does not happen, and in fact the outcome is extremely unexpected.  Example: a man goes around picking people’s pockets, and ends up having his pockets picked.

3.  Dramatic Irony : In a play or drama when the audience knows the character is making a mistake, even as the character is making it.  Example: (In a scary movie), is being chased by a killer and we know that the killer is hiding in the closet but the character does not know that and goes in the closet.

4.  Suspense: That quality of a literary work that makes the reader or audience uncertain or tense about the outcome of events. Suspense makes the reader ask "What will happen next?". The author uses this “tension” to create a feeling of discomfort about the unknown.  Example: A character is tied to train tracks and a train is approaching!!!!

5.  Foreshadowing: The use of words/phrases and hints that set the stage for a story to unfold and gives the reader a hint of something that is going to happen without revealing the story or spoiling the suspense. Foreshadowing is used to suggest an upcoming outcome to the story.  Example: “He had no idea of the disastrous chain of events to follow”. In this sentence, while the protagonist is clueless of further developments, the reader learns that something disastrous and problematic is about to happen to/for him.

6.  Onomatopoeia: The use of words that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to.  Example: "Wham", "Bang", "Blam", "Whack", "Woosh", "Bam", "Zoom", "Zap”, “Oink”, “Sizzle”