1. By Paul V. Dudman Archivist University of East London

2.  This presentation will aim to: 1)Consider the work of Archive staff at the Refugee Council Archive at the University of East London as a case study to consider the `hurdles’ and the `approaches’ to overcoming barriers in trying to manage and develop an archive dedicated to the refugee. 2)This paper will also briefly consider the approaches being undertaken within the UK more generally to collect and preserve the history of the refugee experience. #SAA12 Session Number: 509 2

3.  Why collect Refugee Archives?  The collection of records relating to refugees is important as refugees are an under-documented and under-represented group in archival collections.  Refugee collections are essential for expanding our perceptions of history, culture and memory.  As argued by Philip Marfleet, “engagement with history is not straightforward.” It is important to ask “Why have historians ignored most refugee movements and `silenced’ those involved? Can refugees be re-installed on the historical record.” (2007, p. 136). #SAA12 Session Number: 509 3

4.  How did the Archive of the Refugee Council come to be located at the University of East London? #SAA12 Session Number: 509 4

5.  History of the Refugee Council  Founded in 1951 as the British Council for Aid to Refugees (BCAR) and the Standing Conference on Refugees, (SCOR).  Merged in 1981 to create the British Refugee Council.  Largest charity in the UK dealing specifically with refugees and asylum seekers.  Link: http://www.refugeecouncil.org.uk/http://www.refugeecouncil.org.uk/ #SAA12 Session Number: 509 5

6.  What does the Refugee Council Archive at UEL offer?  Thematic collection of published books and journals, reports and grey literature incorporating working papers, conference papers, leaflets, newsletters, case studies, field reports, statistical data, press cuttings, and bibliographies.  New donation of 40 boxes of archival materials including correspondence, minutes of meetings, and related materials. #SAA12 Session Number: 509 6

7.  Barriers for Refugee Community Groups in using the Archive can be seen as:  Limited Staffing  Inconvenient Opening Hours  Funding Issues  Ongoing Archival Backlogs and New Deposits  Lack of an Outreach Policy and Difficulties of Marketing a Collection with Limited “display- friendly” materials  Limited Digital Materials  The Refugee’s Own Perceptions #SAA12 Session Number: 509 7

8.  Possible approaches for the future include:  Retrospective Cataloguing  Overhaul of Online Provision Making better use of social media?  Greater involvement with community archive projects and ongoing campaigns within the archival sector #SAA12 Session Number: 509 8

9.  A very quick overview of what else is being done within the UK archival sector.  The Work of The National Archives  Collection Development at London Metropolitan Archives  Community Archives  Online Databases  Launch of the Campaign for Voluntary Archives #SAA12 Session Number: 509 9

10.  The National Archives, based in Kew, London, and is the official archive of deposit for the UK Government.  Contains the earliest recorded mention on aliens in England, dating to the period 1207-1547, including mentions in the records of the Chancery and Exchequer of alien clergy and foreign merchants.  Admits that the records relating to immigration are incomplete #SAA12 Session Number: 509 10

11.  The National Archives has recently published several guides to the immigration and emigration records in their care:  Roger Kershaw and Mark Pearsall. Immigrants and Aliens: A Guide to Sources on UK Immigration and Citizenship. 2 nd ed. Kew: The National Archives, 2004.  Roger Kershaw. Emigrants and Expats: A Guide to Sources on UK Emigration and Residents Overseas. Kew: Public Record Office, 2002.  Roger Kershaw and Janet Sacks. New Lives for Old: (The Story of Britain’s Child Migrants). Kew: The National Archives, 2008. #SAA12 Session Number: 509 11

12.  The London Metropolitan Archive (LMA) is “the largest local authority record office in the United Kingdom” (LMA website, 2012).London Metropolitan Archive  LMA Collections Policy:  Aim to collect `Records of ethnic and other minority communities which reflect the diversity of modern London, including collections from the Afro- Caribbean, Asian and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgendered communities.’ (LMA: 2012).  LMA dedicated webpage on collections relating to Migration, settlement and activities of new communities and a number of collection guides.Migration, settlement and activities of new communities #SAA12 Session Number: 509 12

13.  Development of Community Archives within the UK.  The Community Archives and Heritage Group (CAHG) founded in 2006 with a remit to provide a central resource for community archive projects.  CAHG see Black, Minority and Ethnic Communities as being an important strand in the collection of community archives.  Types of successful community projects in this field include: #SAA12 Session Number: 509 13

14.  Examples of community archives on minority issues include:  The Belfast Indian Community Archive The Belfast Indian Community Archive  The Birmingham Black Oral History Project The Birmingham Black Oral History Project  Chinese Lives: the Chinese in Newham (part of the Eastside Community Heritage East London People’s Archive). Chinese Lives: the Chinese in NewhamHeritage East London People’s Archive  Cypriot Diaspora Project Cypriot Diaspora Project  Desh Videsh: Home and Away – A History of the Asian Community Desh Videsh: Home and Away – A History of the Asian Community #SAA12 Session Number: 509 14

15.  The following database outline some of the work that has been done in making important archival records make accessible to a wider audience:  BARGE – British Archival Resources Relating to German-Speaking Refugees - http://www.sussex.ac.uk/cgjs/ http://www.sussex.ac.uk/cgjs/  DANGO – Database of Archives of UK NGOs Since 1945 - http://www.dango.bham.ac.uk/ http://www.dango.bham.ac.uk/ #SAA12 Session Number: 509 15

16.  CHARM: the Charity Archivists and Records Managers Group  http://www.charmonline.org.uk/ http://www.charmonline.org.uk/  Launch of the Campaign for Voluntary Archives  http://www.vahs.org.uk/archives/ http://www.vahs.org.uk/archives/ #SAA12 Session Number: 509 16

17.  Further details on the Archive collections can be found here: UEL Archives – www.uel.ac.uk/lls/search/resources/archives/ www.uel.ac.uk/lls/search/resources/archives/ Refugee Council Archive – www.uel.ac.uk/rca/www.uel.ac.uk/rca/ Refugee Archive Blog– refugeearchives.wordpress.comrefugeearchives.wordpress.com Twitter: @refugee_archive@refugee_archive Content level descriptions for all of our collections can also be found on both the Archives Hub and AIM25.Archives HubAIM25 #SAA12 Session Number: 509 17

18.  I would like to take this opportunity to thank:  The Archives and Records Association (UK) Section for International Engagement for granting me an International Engagement bursary in order to attend this event.Archives and Records Association Section for International Engagement  To Ann Mallett, for arranging and coordinating this panel session.  To my fellow panel session speakers, Christina Woo and Thuy Vo Dang, for their interesting and informative presentations. #SAA12 Session Number: 509 18

19.  I would be happy to respond to any questions in regard to both this presentation and our archival collections more generally.  My contact details are:  Paul V Dudman  Email: p.v.dudman@uel.ac.ukp.v.dudman@uel.ac.uk  Skype: refugeearchives and/or paul_dudman  Telephone: +44(0)20 8223 4036/7676  Library & Learning Services, University of East London, Docklands Campus, 4-6 University Way, London, E16 2RD, United Kingdom #SAA12 Session Number: 509 19

20.  References:  London Metropolitan Archives. (2010) Collections Policy. Rev.ed. London: London Metropolitan Archives.  Marfleet, Phil. (2007) “Refugees and history: why we must address the past”, Refugee Survey Quarterly, Vol 26, No 3, pages 136-148  Further Reading:  Bastien, Jeanette A. And Ben Alexender (eds.). (2009). Community Archives: The Shaping of Memory. London: Facet.  Hammel. Andrea, Anthony Grenville, and Sharon Krummel. (eds.) (2007). Refugee Archives: Theory and Practice. Amsterdam and New York: Rodolpi. The Yearbook of the Research Centre for German and Austrian Exile Studies, Volume 9 (2007).  Hill, Jennie (ed.). (2011). The Future of Archives and Recordkeeping: A Reader. London: Facet.  Kershaw, Roger and Mark Pearsall. (2004). Immigrants and Aliens: A Guide to Sources on UK Immigration and Citizenship. 2 nd ed. Kew: The National Archives.  Kershaw, Roger. (2002). Emigrants and Expats: A Guide to Sources on UK Emigration and Residents Overseas. Kew: Public Record Office.  Kershaw, Roger and Janet Sacks. (2008). New Lives for Old: (The Story of Britain’s Child Migrants). Kew: The National Archives.  Seabrook, Jeremy. (2009). The Refuge and the Fortress: Britain and the Flight from Tyranny. Basingstoke & New York: Palgrave Macmillan. #SAA12 Session Number: 509 20