1. Computer Animation Rick Parent Computer Animation Algorithms and Techniques Motion Capture

2. Computer Animation Rick Parent MoCap Technologies Instrument the talent to facilitate tracking feature points on the human figure Need some kind of sense-able markers from which positional and possibly rotational status can be recorded

3. Computer Animation Rick Parent “Traditional” MoCap Technologies Electro-Mechanical – rotors connected to limb-aligned rods record their status – for hands, optical sensors used sometimes Optical – uses video capture passive – markers just reflect light active – markers emit light Magnetic – active sensors sense their position and orientation in magnetic field

4. Computer Animation Rick Parent Optical - Passive

5. Computer Animation Rick Parent Optical - Active

6. Computer Animation Rick Parent Magnetic e.g. Ascention technology http://www.ascension-tech.com/

7. Computer Animation Rick Parent Electro-Mechanical

8. Computer Animation Rick Parent Newer MoCap Technologies Inertial systems (similar to Wii technology) Make-up Semi-passive imperceptible markers Markerless systems

9. Computer Animation Rick Parent Markerless Organic Motion www.organicmotion.com/ Image Metrics (facial) www.image-metrics.com/

10. Computer Animation Rick Parent Passive Optical – most common (?)

11. Computer Animation Rick Parent Motion capture lab Multiple markers - e.g., 20-40 Multiple cameras - e.g., 8-14 high-res, high-speed Constrained, conditioned space - 20x20 non-reflective Multiple lights - synced w/ cameras Vicon http://www.vicon.com/applications/animation.html

12. Computer Animation Rick Parent Motion capture lab

13. Computer Animation Rick Parent Processing the Images PROCESSING STEPS 1. Extract markers from video 2. Track markers over time in video 3. Marker cleanup 4. 3D marker position reconstruction 5. Joint position reconstruction 6. Joint angle reconstruction

14. Computer Animation Rick Parent Extract markers from video Basic image processing aided by constrained environment: High contrast markers Special illumination Non-reflective environment

15. Computer Animation Rick Parent Marker tracking Temporal coherence using: Position Frame rate Velocity Given frames each with recognized markers Associate markers over multiple frames

16. Computer Animation Rick Parent Marker Clean-up

17. Computer Animation Rick Parent

18. Computer Animation Rick Parent

19. Computer Animation Rick Parent 3D – image plane projection Projecting marker onto image plane

20. Computer Animation Rick Parent Camera calibration Project known 3-space points to camera’s image Six degrees of freedom - use that many known point- pairs

21. Computer Animation Rick Parent Projecting from 2D image out to 3-space

22. Computer Animation Rick Parent Reconstructing a 3D marker

23. Computer Animation Rick Parent Fitting to the skeleton Locate joints relative to markers Markers Joint

24. Computer Animation Rick Parent Reconstructing angles

25. Computer Animation Rick Parent Mocap output See sample files http://accad.osu.edu/research/mocap/mocap_data.htm http://mocap.cs.cmu.edu/ See sample files linked to at class website

26. Computer Animation Rick Parent Manipulating the mocap data Frequency deconstruction & manipulation Transitioning between two motions – Blending How to map a motion onto a figure with different geometry - Retargeting Finding motion clips to create behavior – motion graphs