1. Office of Global Health and HIV (OGHH) Office of Overseas Programming & Training Support (OPATS) Hand-washing and Other Hygiene Practices Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Training Package

2. Key Personal Hygiene Practices  Hand-washing  Bathing and face-washing  Dental hygiene  Menstrual hygiene

3. Behavior Change for Hygiene  Review Handout 1: Stages of Change and Handout 2: Key Determinants of Behavior Change  Think about your hand-washing practices, as well as those of your host family. – Where are you in the Stages of Change around hand- washing? Where are members of your host family? – What key determinants of behavior change are at play in your hand-washing behavior? What about for your host family? – How would your hand-washing intervention differ if you were targeting someone in Pre-contemplation versus someone in Preparation?

4. Hand-washing with Soap  Hand-washing with water alone is significantly less effective than washing hands with soap. Hand-washing with soap can: – reduce the incidence of childhood diseases by approximately 45 percent. 1 – prevent diseases that kill millions of children every year, such as diarrhea and pneumonia. – prevent skin and eye infections, intestinal worms, and influenza. 1. Curtis, V. & Cairncross, S. (2003). Effect of washing hands with soap on diarrhea risk in the community: a systematic review. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 3, 275-281. Did you know?  With proper use, all soaps are equally effective at rinsing away disease-causing germs.  Almost all households in the world already have soap – though it is commonly used for laundry, dishwashing, and bathing rather than for hand- washing.

5. Key Hand-washing Times  After using the toilet/latrine  After cleaning a baby/child’s bottom or diaper  Before preparing food  Before eating  Before feeding a baby/child

6. Correct Hand-washing Technique 1.Wet your hands with safe running water.  This could be poured with a cup or come from a spout.  Do not dip your hands into a basin of water. 2.Apply soap and rub hands for 20 seconds, including tops of hands and under finger nails. 3.Rinse hands with clean running water.  Again, do not dip hands into a basin of water. 4.Dry hands with a clean towel or allow them to air dry.  It is better to allow hands to air dry than to use a shared or dirty towel for drying.

7. Hand-washing Project Ideas  Start with a tippy tap  Construct permanent handwashing stations at schools and in households  Establish long-term awareness activities around hand-washing to promote behavior change (school mural, ongoing community education/theater)  Institute school-based hand-washing routines, like group hand-washing before school snacks or meals to establish habits

8. Global Hand-washing Day is October 15  Each year on October 15, the Peace Corps joins over 200 million people in Global Hand-washing Day celebrations in over 100 countries around the world.  Check out the Peace Corps Global Hand-washing Day Toolkit for ideas of activities.  Also check out: www.globalhandwashingday.org for the GHD Planner’s Guide.www.globalhandwashingday.org  Share you story and pictures with your staff so they can be shared with other Peace Corps countries!

9. Bathing and Face-Washing  Many diseases and conditions can be prevented or controlled through appropriate personal hygiene and by frequently washing parts of the body and hair with soap and clean, running water (if available).  Head lice, eye infections, ringworm, scabies, body lice, athlete’s foot  Trachoma, a bacterial eye infection, is one of the most common preventable causes of blindness worldwide. Face-washing with soap is a key intervention to reducing the spread of trachoma.

10. Dental Hygiene  Brushing your teeth with fluoridated toothpaste at least once a day is an essential hygiene practice to prevent tooth decay and gum disease.  Where toothbrushes or toothpaste are not available, toothbrush sticks are a good alternative, as is making your own toothpaste. Make sure the sticks are clean and that they come from an appropriate tree.

11. From: http://menstrualhygieneday.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/infographics_fin_kl.pdf

12. Menstrual Hygiene Management  Good Menstrual Hygiene Management requires access to: – Accurate information – Affordable hygienic materials – Adequate water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities – Safe disposal of used sanitary materials www.menstrualhygieneday.org

13. Examples of Menstrual Hygiene Materials  Reusable Sanitary Napkins  Commercially produced disposable products  Reusable cloth that is washed daily with soap and dried completely