Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
Published byAmanda Higgins Modified over 9 years ago
1
{ Enzyme Inhibition Why enzymes don’t work
2
An enzyme is just a folded protein Remember!!!
3
Organic catalysts-speed up the rate of the reaction Proteins have –ase after their name Enzymes are…
4
Enzymes
5
Enzymes fit together with substrates to aid a chemical reaction Lock and Key vs Induced Fit Video on my website that you need to watch and take notes Due by Friday! Enzymes
6
There are several things that can effect the rate at which an enzyme works: temperature, pH, enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, and the presence of inhibitors or activators. Things effecting the rate at which and enzyme works
7
When and enzyme stops working in its normal manner. This could be due to a variety of inhibitors including: nonspecific, competitive, and noncompetitive. What is enzyme inhibition?
8
Non-specific: Any physical or chemical change that ultimately denatures any enzyme – irreversible Denature – when the enzyme loses its folded shape; it basically falls apart because bonds have been broken Non-specific vs Specific
10
Temperature – normally if you increase a temperature you speed up a reaction. However if you increase the temperature too much and it is no longer in the enzymes optimum range it will cause it to denature. Things that can cause an enzyme to denature
11
Example of a protein that has denatured due to increased temperature
12
pH – an increase or decrease of pH out of the enzymes optimum range can cause denaturation. Things that can cause an enzyme to denature
13
Specific inhibition – only works on specific enzymes, not all of them Competitive and non- competitive inhibition Non-specific vs specific
14
Competitive vs non-competitive
15
An inhibitor competes with the substrate for the active site Like a race Normally reversible if other substrates are available for the inhibitor to bind with Competitive Inhibition
16
An inhibitor binds to the enzyme at a site different than the active site. This special site that is just for the inhibitor is called the allosteric site Non-competitive Inhibition
17
The binding of the inhibitor to the allosteric site normally changes the conformation of the active site so the substrate and enzyme can’t bind Non-competitive Inhibition
18
Normally this type of inhibition is not permanent. However this is not true in all cases, sometimes it is irreversible and the enzyme can no longer work. Non-competitive Inhibition
19
Cofactors are non-protein inorganic chemical compounds bound to a protein Helps the protein function during biochemical reactions and increase the rate at which the enzyme works Coenzymes are organic molecules (usually vitamin or mineral) that are required by certain enzymes to carry out reactions Cofactors and Coenzymes
Similar presentations
© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc.
All rights reserved.