1. Hybrid Rocket Project Joel Beilke University of Minnesota Duluth Industrial Engineering Fall Semester 2004 LAST ONE!

2. Hybrid Rocket History Invented in the 1930s –Europe –United States Never caught on –Early not enough research –Established Traditional rockets Renewed interests today –Safety –Cost

3. Hybrid Rocket History Since 2001 NASA investing in Hybrids

4. Hybrid Rocket History SpaceShipOne Wins $10m X-Prize

5. Hybrid Rocket History On October 4, 2004, SpaceShipOne rocketed into history, became the first private manned spacecraft to exceed an altitude of 328,000 feet twice within the span of a 14 day period, thus claiming the ten million dollar Ansari X-Prize. www.scaled.com/projects/tierone/041004_spaceshipone_x-prize_flight_2.html

6. What is a Hybrid Rocket? Merging of two technologies Solid Fuel Grain –Safe –inexpensive Liquid Oxidizer –N 2 O is Safe - not pure O 2 –Less cost in handling

7. What is a Hybrid Rocket? Diagram of components http://www.hawkfeather.com/rockets/hybrid_tutorial.html

8. Hybrid Rocket Benefits Safe –Non-explosive –Unmixed oxidizer and fuel Lower Cost –Solid fuel is cheaper (paraffin wax, rubber) –N 2 O is easier to handle

9. Hybrid Rocket Benefits Can be throttled –During flight –Shut-down and restarted Faster turnaround –Boosters are rechargeable –Vehicle components are simplified

10. UMD Hybrid Rocket Project Build a capable test stand –Computer controlled –Capable of 3” dia x 3’ long rocket –Capable 300lb of thrust –Able to conduct creditable research Allow further research –Student projects –ME lab usage

11. Hybrid Rocket Test Stand Frame and test bed design

12. Hybrid Rocket Test Instrumentation Analog and Digital I/O Thrust Pressure tank, combustion,exhaust Temperature Valve control Safety and E-stop Lift and light

13. Hybrid Rocket Software Think & Do ® Live!™ –PC-based control software –Motion control –Flowchart logic for control –Human Machine Interface –DDE Dynamic Data Exchange For Microsoft Windows Applications

14. Hybrid Rocket Software Benefits: –Remote access Ethernet connection –Soft keys – custom screen and graphing –Dump to Excel –Lower cost vs. LabView –We now use it to run the router in 4235

15. Questions? LAST ONE! LAST ONE!

16. More Pictures In 1995, NASA and DARPA started the Hybrid Propulsion Demonstration Program (HPDP). Under this program, the world's largest hybrid engine was tested at NASA's Stennis Space Center August 13, 1999. It was 70 inches by 45 feet, and developed 250,000 pounds of thrust for 15 seconds http://www.hawkfeather.com/rockets/hybrids1.html

17. More Pictures Fuel Grain

18. More Pictures Nozzle and Fill Tube