1. Radiographic Anatomy RAD 242
The Skeletal System
Prepared By:
Ala’a Ali Tayem Abed

2. The skeletal System divided into:
1. Axial skeleton, include; Skull and Vertebral Column.
2. Peripheral skeleton, include; Upper and Lower Extremities.
The main function of the skeletal system is:
a. Protection.
b. Storage of Minerals.
c. Support.
d. Producing Motion.

3. Radiographic Anatomy of the Skeleton
UPPER EXTREMITY:
1. Shoulder.
2. Humerus (Arm).
3. Elbow.
4. Forearm.
5. Wrist.
6. Hand.
LOWER EXTREMITY:
1. Pelvis and Hip.
2. Femur.
3. Knee.
4. Leg (Tibia and Fibula).
5. Ankle.
6. Foot.
SPINE:
1. Cervical Spine.
2. Thoracic Spine.
3. Lumbar Spine.
4. Sacrum Spine.
5. Coccyx Spine.
Skull:
1. Skull Base.
2. Face.

4. Radiographic Anatomy of the Skeleton
UPPER EXTREMITY
1. Shoulder.
2. Humerus (Arm).
3. Elbow.
4. Forearm.
5. Wrist.
6. Hand.

5. Hand Anatomy

6. Hand
Hand -- Posteroanterior
(PA) View

7. 12 Hand, PA projection. 1. Capitate 2. Carpometacarpal joints
3. Distal interphalangeal joints
4. Distal phalanges
5. Distal radioulnar joint
6. Hamate
7. Hook of the hamate
8. Lunate
9. Metacarpal bones 1–5
10. Metacarpo-phalangeal joints
11. Middle phalanges
12. Pisiform
13. Proximal interphalangeal joints
14. Proximal phalanges
15. Radius
16. Scaphoid
17. Sesamoid bones (of thumb)
18. Trapezium
19. Trapezoid
20. Triquetrum
21. Ulna 12

8. Wrist Anatomy

9. Wrist
Wrist -- Lateral View
Wrist -- Posteroterior (PA) View

10. Wrist, PA projection
1. Capitate
2. Carpometacarpal joints
3. Distal radioulnar joint
4. Hamate
5. Hook of the hamate
6. Lunate
7. Metacarpal bones 1–5
8. Pisiform
9. Radio carpal joint
10. Radius
11. Scapho-trapezio-trapezoid (STT) joint
12. Scaphoid
13. Styloid process of radius
14. Styloid process of ulna
15. Trapezium
16. Trapezoid
17. Triquetrum
18. Ulna

11. Wrist, lateral projection
1. Capitate
6. Lunate
7. Metacarpal bones 1–5
8. Pisiform
10. Radius
12. Scaphoid
15. Trapezium
18. Ulna

12. Forearm Anatomy

13. Forearm
Forearm – Anteroposterior
(AP) View
Forearm -- Lateral View

14. Forearm, AP projection
2. Radial head
3. Radial neck
6. Radioulnar joint, proximal
7. Radius
8. Ulna

15. Forearm, Lateral projection
1. Olecranon
2. Radial head
3. Radial neck
4. Radial Styloid process
5. Radioulnar joint, distal
7. Radius
8. Ulna
9. Ulnar styloid process

16. Elbow Anatomy

17. Elbow
Elbow – Anteroposterior
(AP) View
Elbow -- Lateral View

18. Elbow, AP projection
1. Capitulum of humerus
2. Coronoid process
3. Epicondyle, radial (lateral)
4. Epicondyle, ulnar (medial)
5. Humeroradial joint
6. Humeroulnar joint
7. Humerus
8. Intercondylar fossa
9. Olecranon
10. Olecranon fossa
11. Radial head
12. Radial neck
13. Radial tuberosity
14. Radioulnar joint, proximal
15. Trochlea of humerus
16. Trochlear notch of ulna
17. Ulnar tuberosity

19. Elbow, lateral projection
2. Coronoid process
7. Humerus
8. Intercondylar fossa
9. Olecranon
10. Olecranon fossa
11. Radial head
12. Radial neck
16. Trochlear notch of ulna
17. Ulnar tuberosity

20. Humerus Anatomy

21. Humerus Humerus – AP projection 1. Acromion 2. Acromioclavicular joint
3. Clavicle
4. Coracoid process
5. Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
6. Glenoid cavity
7. Greater tuberosity of humerus
8. Humeral head
9. Humerus
10. Lesser tuberosity of humerus
11. Olecranon
12. Radial head
13. Radius
14. Ulna

22. Humerus --
Lateral projection
1. Acromion
2. Acromioclavicular joint
3. Clavicle
4. Coracoid process
8. Humeral head
9. Humerus
11. Olecranon
12. Radial head
13. Radius
14. Ulna

23. Shoulder Anatomy

24. Shoulder External Rotation View (AP) Internal Rotation View (LATERAL)
Axillary View

25. Shoulder, AP projection, external rotation
1. Acromion
2. Acromioclavicular joint
3. Anatomical neck of humerus
4. Bicipital groove
5. Clavicle
6. Coracoid process
7. Glenoid cavity
8. Greater tuberosity of humerus
9. Humeral head
10. Humerus
11. Lesser tuberosity of humerus
12. Scapula
13. Scapular neck
14. Scapular spine
15. Shoulder joint
16. Surgical neck of humerus

27. Scapula Anatomy

28. Scapula – Lateral projection
Scapula – AP projection
a---Acromion c---Coracoid process g---Glenoid fossa s---spine
lb---lateral border ia---inferior angle is---Infraspinous portion

29. Clavicle Anatomy

31. Thoracic Cage Thoracic cage, AP projection on of upper thoracic cage
Shoulder, AP projection,
Acromioclavicular joint
1. Acromioclavicular joint
2. Clavicle
7. Jugular notch
10. Rib
11. Scapula
13. Sternoclavicular joint
1. Acromion
2. Acromioclavicular joint
5. Clavicle
6. Coracoid process
9. Humeral head

32. Thoracic cage, oblique projection
Thoracic cage, lateral projection of sternum
Thoracic cage, AP projection of lower thoracic cage
Thoracic cage, oblique projection
1. Acromioclavicular joint
2. Clavicle
3. Costal notch
4. Costochondral junction
5. Costovertebral joint
6. Intercostal space
7. Jugular notch.
8. Manubriosternal joint
9. Manubrium sterni
10. Rib
11. Scapula
12. Sternal body
13. Sternoclavicular joint
14. Xiphoid process

33. Thank You
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