1. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Principles of Athletic Training 14 th Edition Author: William E. Prentice

2. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Prevention & Care of Athletic Injuries Ellie McKnight MS, ATC/L

3. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Chapter 1: The Athletic Trainer as a Health Care Provider What is an Athletic Trainer?

4. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. An Athletic Trainer is: Athletic trainers Prevent, Recognize, Manage and Rehabilitate Injuries. Highly educated and skilled professional for the physically active.

5. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. History of Athletic Training Greek and Roman civilizations Decreased until the Renaissance 1950 Athletic Trainers started the National Athletic Trainers’ Association (NATA) with 101 members Now over 32,000

6. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Where do Athletic Trainers work? Traditional setting includes colleges and secondary schools Today certified athletic trainers (ATC) work in a variety of settings

7. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Settings include: –Clinics and hospitals –Physician extenders –Industrial/Occupational settings –Corporate settings –Colleges or Universities –Secondary schools –School districts –Professional sports –Amateur/Recreational/Youth sports –Performing arts –Military & Law enforcement –Health & fitness clubs

8. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Where do Athletic Trainers work? Traditional setting includes colleges and secondary schools Today certified athletic trainers (ATC) work in a variety of settings

9. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Settings include: –Clinics and hospitals –Physician extenders –Industrial/Occupational settings –Corporate settings –Colleges or Universities –Secondary schools –School districts –Professional sports –Amateur/Recreational/Youth sports –Performing arts –Military & Law enforcement –Health & fitness clubs

10. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Look at pages 7- 13 Find an employment setting for an athletic trainer that interests you. 1.Write down what it is 2.Write down what they do Discuss

11. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Athletic trainers do not just provide medical care to athletes or those just injured during physical activity –Requires terminology changes Patients and clients vs. athletes Athletic clinic or facility vs. athletic training room

12. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Sports Medicine and Athletic Training Sports Medicine: A broad field of medical practices related to physical activity and sport Typically classified as relating to Performance Enhancement or Injury Care and Management

13. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Practice of Medicine Human Performance Human Performance Injury Management Injury Management Exercise Physiology Biomechanics Sport Psychology Sports Nutrition Sports Physical Therapy Athletic Training Sports Massage

14. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Growth of Professional Sports Medicine Organizations International Federation of Sports Medicine (1928) American Academy of Family Physicians (1947) National Athletic Trainers Association (1950) American College of Sports Medicine (1954) American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (1972) National Strength and Conditioning Association (1978) American Academy of Pediatrics, Sports Committee (1979) Sports Physical Therapy Section of APTA (1981) NCAA Committee on Competitive Safeguards and Medical Aspects of Sports (1985)

15. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Who are the 2 groups in the sports medicine umbrella? Human PerformanceInjury Management

16. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Six Domains or Roles of an Athletic Trainer Prevention Clinical Evaluation & Diagnosis Immediate Care Treatment, Rehabilitation, and Reconditioning Organization & Administration Professional Responsibilities

17. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

18. Prevention –Ensure safe environment –Conduct pre-participation physicals –Develop training and conditioning programs –Select and fit protective equipment properly –Explaining important diet and lifestyle choices –Ensure appropriate medication use while discouraging substance abuse

19. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Clinical Evaluation & Diagnosis –Recognize nature and extent of injury –On and off-field evaluation skills and techniques –Understand pathology of injuries and illnesses –Referring to medical care Immediate Care –Administration of appropriate first aid and emergency medical care (CPR, AED) –Activation of emergency action plans (EAP)

20. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Treatment, Rehabilitation Reconditioning –Design preventative training systems –Rehabilitation program design –Supervising rehabilitation programs –Incorporation of therapeutic modalities and exercise –Offering psychosocial intervention Organization & Administration –Record keeping –Ordering supplies and equipment –Establishing policies and procedures –Supervising personnel

21. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Professional Responsibilities –Athletic trainer as educator –Continuing education –Athletic trainers as counselor –Athletic trainers as researcher Incorporation of evidence medicine and participating and acquisition of evidence for efficacy of patient care

22. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. What are the Roles and Responsibilities of an Athletic Trainer? Prevention Evaluation Immediate Care Treatment, rehab, & reconditioning Organization & Administration Professional Responsibilities

23. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Personal Qualities of the Athletic Trainer Stamina and the ability to adapt Empathy Sense of humor Communication Intellectual curiosity Ethical practice Professional memberships

24. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Sports Medicine Team

25. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Athlete Athletic Trainer and the Athlete Major concern should be the injured patient All decisions impact the patient The injured patient must always be informed Athlete knows their body the best

26. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Parents Athletic Trainer and Parents Athletic trainers must keep parents informed, particularly in the secondary school setting The parents decision regarding healthcare must be a primary consideration Insurance plans may dictate care –Selection of physician

27. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Team Physician The Athletic Trainer and the Team Physician Athletic trainer works under direct supervision of physician (advise and supervise the ATC) Physician and the athletic trainer must be able to work together –Have similar philosophical opinions regarding injury management Helps to minimize discrepancies and inconsistencies

28. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Physician is responsible for: Compiling medical histories and conducting physical exams (Pre- participation screening) Diagnosing injury Deciding on disqualifications Attending practice and games Commitment to sports and athlete

29. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Coach The Athletic Trainer and the Coach Understand specific role of all individuals involved with the team Coach must clearly understand the limits of their ability to function as a health care provider in their respective state Directly responsible for injury prevention –Athlete must go through appropriate conditioning program

30. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Coach must be aware of risks associated with sport Provide appropriate training and equipment Should be certified in CPR and first aid Must have thorough knowledge of skills, techniques and environmental factors associated with sport Develop good working relationships with staff, including athletic trainers –Must be a cooperative relationship

31. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Who is Part of the Sports Medicine Team?

32. Support Health Services & Other Personnel Physicians Dentist Podiatrist Nurse Physicians Assistant Physical Therapist Occupational Therapist Massage Therapist Ophthalmologist Dermatologist Gynecologist Physicians Dentist Podiatrist Nurse Physicians Assistant Physical Therapist Occupational Therapist Massage Therapist Ophthalmologist Dermatologist Gynecologist Exercise Physiologist Biomechanist Nutritionist Sport Psychologist Coaches Strength & Conditioning Specialist Social Worker Neurologist Emergency Medical Technician Exercise Physiologist Biomechanist Nutritionist Sport Psychologist Coaches Strength & Conditioning Specialist Social Worker Neurologist Emergency Medical Technician

33. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. How do you become an Athletic Trainer?

34. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Accredited Athletic Training Education Programs Entry-level athletic training education programs –Undergraduate and graduate Advanced graduate athletic training education programs –Designed for individuals that are already certified ATCs

35. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Athletic Training Education Competencies Twelve Content Areas –Risk management –Pathology of injuries and illnesses –Assessment and evaluation –Acute care –Pharmacological aspects of injury and illness –Therapeutic modalities

36. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Athletic Training Education Competencies –Therapeutic exercise –General medical conditions and disabilities –Nutritional aspects of injury and illnesses –Psychosocial intervention and referral –Organization and administration –Professional responsibilities

37. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Becoming An Athletic Trainer 1.What do you have to have in order to sit for the certification exam? 2.What is the certification exam like? 3.What does one have to do to remain a certified athletic trainer? Pages 29 and 30