1. Nr. 1 19./20. 10.2006 RENEWABLE ENERGIES AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIGNITE MINES IN GERMANY, LUSATIA CONFLICT OR CHANCE OF THE FUTURE OF ENERGY SUPPLY? Prof. Dr.-Ing. Kathrin Lehmann, Fachhochschule Lausitz, Senftenberg kathrin.lehmann@iem.fh-lausitz.de With the friendly authorisation and assistance by Vattenfall Europe Mining AG

2. Nr. 2 19./20. 10.2006 Agenda 1.Motivations 1.1Mixture of energy resources and power demand 1.2The german law of energy economy (EnWG) 1.3The renewable energy sources act (EEG) 2.Lignite in competition 2.1The lusatian lignite mines 2.2How to accept a challenge 2.3Selected technical strategies/ solutions 2.4Economic aspects for competitiveness 3.Summary and a future look

3. Nr. 3 19./20. 10.2006 Motivations Mixture of energy resources and power demand 550557575 610594 Demand on additional electrical power until 2020 ca. 25.000 – 30.000 MW The balance of power increase + 20.000MW decrease - 51.000MW

4. Nr. 4 19./20. 10.2006 Motivations The German law of energy economy (EnWG) Reliability of supply Environmental protection Efficiency practical compromise (Energiewirtschaftsgesetz, §1) Liberalization of Energy Market = Competition costumers choose the own energy supplier energy trading – Europe-wide Unbundling of energy supply and energy net Regulatory authority  network access fee

5. Nr. 5 19./20. 10.2006 Motivations The German renewable energy sources act (EEG) Gouvernment aid of renewable energy sources solar power, wind energy, Geothermik, bioenergy, water energy, landfill-, sewage- and mine gas Development of proportion renewable energies in Germany 2012  12,5% 2020  20,0% Primacy of supply to the energy net Payment long-term assured (20 years) Promotion of technical developments Accumulated capacity - Germany Sorce: WindEnergy Study 2006

6. Nr. 6 19./20. 10.2006 Lignite in competition The lusatian lignite mines Plants of Vattenfall Europe Mining - Jänschwalde/Cottbus-Nord opencast mine  power plant Jänschwalde (3.000 MW) - Welzow-Süd opencast mine  power plant Schwarze Pumpe (1.600 MW) - Nochten/Reichwalde opencast mine  power plant Boxberg (1.900 MW) -Transport =coal railway, Drainange, Workshop - Technical services - Refining = briquette plant Schwarze Pumpe

7. Nr. 7 19./20. 10.2006 Lignite in competition The lusatian lignite mines Schwarze Pumpe power station and briquetting plant recultivation intermediate recultivation rising water table dump rails overburden bridge spreader lignite excavator lignite conveyor rails mining direction overburden excavators overburden lignite lowering water table wells area clearing relocation of settlements conveyor overburden conveyor Principle view Technology with overburden bridge Source: Vattenfall Europe Mining ca. 60 mill t/a lignite ca. 450 mill m 3 /a overburden ca. 310 mill m 3 /a water

8. Nr. 8 19./20. 10.2006 Lignite in competition How to accept a challenge The imperative to competitiveness 1990 German reunification  free market economy 1998 Liberalization of energy market Cost and operating effectiveness The way „Long-term lignite and its energy must be cheaper“  implementation of innovative technical system solutions in all departments  extensive structuring of communication infrastructure and process technology schemes  development and implementation of efficient maintenance strategy  improvement of operation and management processes

9. Nr. 9 19./20. 10.2006 Lignite in competition Selected technical strategies/ solutions – drives for conveyor belts Conveyor belts for overburden Length: 1-3 km Width: 2.5 m Volume: 15‘ – 20‘000 m 3 /h All conventional conveyors represented: 40% of total energy consumption more than 20% of total maintenance costs 23% of investment volume The invested Energy is used for: moving the conveyor 70% No-Load Power (measured) operation time moving the material30% Total Energy minus No-Load Power operation time

10. Nr. 10 19./20. 10.2006 Lignite in competition Selected technical strategies/ solutions – drives for conveyor belts Main features relating to an overburden belt conveyor system for the heavy-duty excavator SRs 6300

11. Nr. 11 19./20. 10.2006 Lignite in competition Selected technical strategies/ solutions – drives for conveyor belts Schematic diagram of variable speed conveyor Speed= v = const. A= variable Current distance 1st main-conveyor Scanner 1 on wheel conveyor Scanner 2 on 1st main conveyor 2nd...main-conveyor A= const. Speed = v = variable 2nd drive unit Q = A * v Controller with shift register A v Source: Vattenfall Europe Mining

12. Nr. 12 19./20. 10.2006 Lignite in competition Selected technical strategies/ solutions – drives for conveyor belts The Way 1997 = begin with low voltage (690 V – ABB, Siemens) variable frequency drives 2001 = first 6-kV-variable frequency drives (Rockwell) for overburden conveyor belts Up to day summery ca. 40.000 kW drive capacity supply variable speed conveyors Planned until 2010 additional 20.000 kW drive capacity Minimizing of equipment costs by optimal drive dimensioning Minimizing of operation and maintenance costs The main effects

13. Nr. 13 19./20. 10.2006 Lignite in competition Band 2Band 3Band 1Band 4 Hauptantrieb Schaufelrad Bucket-wheel excavator  Main drive  Motors  gear units  bucket wheel axle bearing  Conveyor belt  Motors  gear units  drum bearing Band Conveyor belt drive station  Conveyor belt  Motors  gear units  drum bearing Selected technical strategies/ solutions – diagnostic systems

14. Nr. 14 19./20. 10.2006 Lignite in competition Selected technical strategies/ solutions – control systems Central control center of the railway department Central control center of the dewatering department Engineer Control operating states coal quality organize maintanance Central movements inspector controls railway system instruction for engine driver Switching command- place switch traction system give switching commands

15. Nr. 15 19./20. 10.2006 Lignite in competition Energy consumption 1.200 GWh/year Max. power demand 250 MW Components of energy management system - Minimizing of max power - energy efficiently operating of equipement - optimization of form of contract for acquisition of energy Selected technical strategies/ solutions – energy management system

16. Nr. 16 19./20. 10.2006 Lignite in competition Economic aspects for the competitiveness Development of specific maintenance costs - 45% Main effect of technical solutions Increase of total output  lower costs for maintanance  Not increasing costs in the future

17. Nr. 17 19./20. 10.2006 Summary and a future look Lignite take a part in the mixture of energy in the future Competitiveness  Cost minimisation Competitiveness  Guarantee of lignite supply Reliability of energy supply Reliability of energy supply Resources protection  efficient energy consumption + efficient mining technology Resources protection

18. Nr. 18 19./20. 10.2006 Thanks for your attention