1. By: John LoCascio, Wardah Aiman, Josef Guarin, DJ Schnee Block 2: Group 1

2. Key Terms Indentured Servants Subsistence Farming Puritan Magistrate New England Way Boston Predestination King Philip (Metacom) Salem Witch Trials Pequot War Harvard College “City Upon a Hill” Great Migration Hartford Treaty “the elect” Half-Way Covenant

3. Key People John Winthrop Margaret Jones King Charles I Pequots

4. History/Founding Founded in 1630 by John Winthrop (first gov.) Puritans wanted religious freedom “City on a Hill” Great Migration: 20,000 by 1640 Grew steadily to become a powerful commonwealth

6. Government Charter never said government had to be in England Governor, Deputy Governor, 18 assistants elected Unity of Church and State Only Freemen could participate in elections Eventually 2 delegates from town met in General Court; legislative & judicial Freemen still met in Boston for annual election

7. Economy Corn Pumpkins Rye Squash Beans

8. Economy Manufacturing was the main concentration in Massachusetts Bay economy. The sawmills, shipyards, tanneries, and warehouses were important businesses.

9. Religion Puritan Strict Protestants Calvinists with own ideas emphasized Reform Church - Purify it of Catholic ideals “City Upon a Hill” – John Winthrop 1630 Predestination “the elect” Half-Way Covenant – Church Membership Harvard College for training clergy in 1636

10. Religion Strict Church attendance mandatory Executions Intolerant of other religions: Quakers Salem Witch Trials

11. Cultural/Social Lower Class: Majority were manual workers servants, apprentices, sailors, hired hands, and semi- skilled tradesmen. Few people owned property and most were illiterate. Could not vote or hold public office. Middle Class: Ran stores or small businesses, were skilled tradesmen, or belonged to professions. Could vote but few held public office. Upper Class: Were wealthy and well educated minor aristocrats. Could vote and held high public office.

12. Cultural/Social Women did not participate in town meeting and were not included in making decisions in the church. This idea was emphasized in the writings and sermons of Puritan ministers. Women were viewed as instruments of Satan. Children were regarded as property of their parents.

13. Relations with Native Americans In the beginning it was peaceful. Pequot War began 1634 Demographic and Over population Trade Struggles Murder of John Stone Negotiations Hartford Treaty

14. Relations with Native Americans King Philip’s War King Philip (Metacom) is chief of Wampanoag Didn’t like colonists Fight for Land Murder of John Sassamon Many casualties for both sides

15. Review of Events and People John Winthrop: Founder of the colony in 1630, brought with him the Great Migration. Boston: Made the capital of the colony in 1632. Government: Puritan leaders, church and state united (New England Way). Economy consisted of strictly manufacturing and agriculture. Religion was mainly Puritan, who are strict Protestants, intolerant of other religions.

16. Review of Events and People Culture consisted of a lower, middle, and upper class. Women were treated terribly, and children were merely property of their parents. The Native Americans and colonists were at first peaceful with each other. Eventually the Pequot War and King Phillip War occurred, causing the death of many natives. Salem Witch Trials: Series of trials of people accused of witchcraft, beginning in 1692.

17. Bibliography: http://www.landofthebrave.info/colonial- massachusetts.htm http://www.landofthebrave.info/colonial- massachusetts.htm http://www.landofthebrave.info/massachusetts- colony.htm http://www.landofthebrave.info/massachusetts- colony.htm http://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2007/10/puritan- women.html http://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2007/10/puritan- women.html http://public.wsu.edu/~campbelld/amlit/purdef.htm http://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Indentured_Servants _in_Colonial_Virginia http://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Indentured_Servants _in_Colonial_Virginia http://www.thefreedictionary.com/subsistence+farming