1. Masonry Heater Association Annual Meeting April 18, 2012 Masonry Stoves and the Strange History of Wood Heating in the US John Ackerly, President

2. * Alliance for Green Heat is a 501c3 non-profit based. * We have a staff of 3 & were founded in 2009 * Our budget is $100,000 a year, raised from foundations, donations and US government grants. * We believe in progress.

3. Alliance for Green Heat Goals Voice for wood heat consumers in Wash. DC Recognition of cleanest wood heaters Parity in government incentives with solar (rebates & tax credits) R &D funding for “next generation” stoves More regulation of wood burning No new installs of unqualified outdoor boilers No new installs of uncertified stoves in urban areas

4. MasonryPellet Water boiler w/ thermal storage Fireplace Franklin Stove 1970s Airtight stove Outdoor wood boiler Euro track: Hot, quick fires US track: Slow, smoldering fires MasonryPelletWood boiler w/ thermal storage Fireplace Franklin stove 1970s Air- tight stove Outdoor wood boiler

5. Time Efficiency 0% 100% 50% Masonry Heater Fireplace Pellet Stove Cat Stove How we like to think of technological progress

6. Time Efficiency 0% 80% 1600170018001900 2000 50% Franklin Stove Five Plate Closed Iron Stove Jamb Stove Outdoor Wood Boiler Masonry Heater Technological Progress in the US is not always upward

7. What Did Ben Franklin Invent? In 1741, Ben Franklin assembled a stove far less efficient and dirtier than many other stoves on the market. It is still hailed as a tremendous advance in wood burning. It undermined the deployment and development of far more efficient stove designs. Why? Anglo culture, led by scores of opinion leaders, believed an open fire was more civilized than the closed “Germanic” stoves.

8. From Fireplace to Cookstove: Technology and the Domestic Ideal in America, by Priscilla Brewer (2000) A fascinating look at how culture, gender & class shaped wood Stoves.

9. Troy, NY: World Center of Stove Factories, 1830. Nearly 200 wood stove factories in Troy, alone.

10. Technology Competitions Through Time driven by wood scarcity, oil prices & climate change 1783 – During a period of extreme cold in Europe, Frederick the Great holds a contest for the most efficient masonry stove (w/ outside air) 1796 – Firewood shortages prompts the American Philosophical Society to offer a $60 prize for the "best construction or improvement of stoves.“ 1970 – Three friends hold a competition among themselves to build the best wood stove. 2012 – The Alliance for Green Heat launches an competition to design a “next generation” wood stove.

11. Per Capita Heating with Wood 1940 – 2000 (US Census)

13. Residential Heating Trends, 2000-2010

15. 2010: Wood overtakes propane and oil as 3 rd most common heating fuel

16. Top 10 States with Fastest Growing Wood Heat Households Michigan

17. Fossil Fuel Reduction of a $2,000 Wood/Pellet Stove = Fossil Fuel Reduction of a $20,000 Solar PV Both systems can displace equal amounts of carbon from fossil fuel: 3 tons. 1 kw solar system, 1 cord of wood or 1 ton of pellets all displace about 1 ton of carbon from fossil fuels. Transforming Wood Heat in America: A Toolkit of Policy Options Full report available at: www.forgreenheat.org/resources/toolkit.html

18. Wood Stoves vs. Solar PV & the Prius ( or, why incentives to the rich are inefficient) Transforming Wood Heat in America: A Toolkit of Policy Options Full report available at: www.forgreenheat.org/resources/toolkit.html

19. Northeastern State Residential Renewable Energy Incentives

20. The Way Forward Embracing Government 1. Regulation. At least factory built masonry heaters need to have an EPA certification program. 2. Standards: ASTM 3. Incentive programs. Masonry heaters need to be included and listed. You need to demand inclusion.

21. Incentive Programs PACE Programs. Property Assessed Clean Energy Loans. These programs are coming back and masonry stoves need to get recognized. Whoever owns the home pays off the loan. On Bill Financing (OBF). Pay off loan thru utility bill. Longer term and more complex for heating systems. Home Star. Did not pass, but details still circulating as a model for other programs. AGH got wood heaters included. HUD Power Saver Loans. 4.99% loans. Wood is now included. LIHEAP. States wondering if they can get folks off oil & onto wood. Currently, system is locked into most expensive fuels. States – Precedence, Recognition, Education Oregon’s $300 tax credit Montana $1,000 tax credit Idaho $5,000 tax deduction (w/ trade in of old wood stove)

22. Future? 1. Combining biomass thermal storage with solar thermal. 2. Mini residential CHP units. 3. Real time digital display of emissions/efficiency. 3. Making electricity just to recharge a cell phone or light a room.

23. Technology competition modeled on Solar Decathlon to see who can build cleanest more efficient stove. Stoves should be idiot-proof and mitigate the problems associated with unseasoned wood. Designs are submitted by Dec. 20. Finalists bring their stove to Washington DC to compete on mall. Stoves judged on efficiency, emissions, cost, innovation and marketability.

24. Judges James Meigs, Editor in Chief, Popular Mechanics Magazine Rod Tinnemore, Washington Dept. of Ecology NYSERDA representative Bill Clarke, Osprey Foundation Ray Albrecht, BTEC Board, former NYSERDA staff Invited Judges Dr. Thomas Butcher, Brookhaven National Lab EPA representative Judges

25. Goals: To challenge perceptions of policymakers and public about their image of wood heat Challenge wood heater industry’s image about who we are and where we can go. Build expectations and demand for really clean, efficient heaters. Recognize and publicize cleanest heaters.

26. Thank you! www.forgreenheat.org john@forgreenheat.org 301-841-7755