1. Food insecurity in the Horn of Africa John Omiti (jmomiti@kippra.or.ke)jmomiti@kippra.or.ke Nancy Laibuni (nlaibuni@kippra.or.ke)nlaibuni@kippra.or.ke Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis Nairobi, Kenya

2. Widespread Severe Droughts Seasonal Rainfall to Annual Total (%): 1920 -1980 Source: FEWNET/USGS, 2011 1. Region is severely affected by drought. 2. Rain-fall was below average in all areas. 3. 2010/11 being the driest or second driest year since 1950/51. 4. Drought is not a new challenge!

3. Livestock Systems – Hot Spots Drought-affected pastoral areas in East Africa ( + urban poor). Source: FEWNET/USGS,2011

4. Number of persons affected People Requiring Humanitarian Assistance Numbers% of Population Kenya3.75 million10 Ethiopia4.8 million7 Somalia3.7 million37 Djibouti165,00022 Somali Refugees Source Kenya507,000UNHCR – August 25, 2011 Ethiopia161,000UNHCR – August 25, 2011 Djibouti17,800UNHCR – August 25, 2011 UNOCHA estimates that across the four countries the persons in need will increased from 12.4 to 13.3 million

5. Some Impacts of the crisis Children under age fiveDJIBOUTIETHIOPIAKENYASOMALIA Severe acute malnutrition2,89528,23334,280190,000 Moderate malnutrition16,085n.a91,20297,482 Source: UNOCHA, 2011  loss of livelihoods  loss of livestock  High food prices WHAT IS THE ROLE OF THE POLITICAL ECONOMY ???

6. Response from Governments and Humanitarian Sources Source: African Union, August 2011 Amount required US$M Funding to date US$M Deficit % Food and Food Aid986.8521.142 Health and Nutrition287.467.9376 Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) 117.7535.9777 Regional Requirements (US$ million) KenyaSomaliaDjiboutiEthiopia Amount required US$M Funding to date US$M Amount required US$B Funding to date US$M Amount required US$M Funding to date US$M Amount required US$M Funding to date US$M 7413571.064083314398146

7. Outlook for the region

8. Prospects for the Region  Short term  Harvest water and grow short-season crops  Storage and value-addition technologies for food crops and livestock feeds.  Social Protection Measures (Emergency Assistance)  Long term  Invest in increasing productivity & Regional Trade  Control population growth rates  Natural resource management  Better Management of Food Stocks  Good governance and political stability

9. Thank you Asante!