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Anatomy and Physiology of Human Movement 420:050
The Shoulder Girdle Anatomy and Physiology of Human Movement 420:050
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Objectives Bones, bony landmarks and joints Muscles Movements
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The Shoulder Girdle The scapula and clavicle Two joints Functions
Dynamic stability Increased ROM
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From Seeley RR, Stephens TD, Tate P; anatomy and physiology, ed 7, New York, 2006, McGraw-Hill
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From Seeley RR, Stephens TD, Tate P; anatomy and physiology, ed 7, New York, 2006, McGraw-Hill
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Joints Shoulder girdle (scapulothoracic) Scapula moves on the rib cage
Joint motion occurs at sternoclavicular joint & to a lesser amount at the acromioclavicular joint
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Joints Sternoclavicular (SC) Anteriorly with protraction
(Multiaxial) arthrodial/gliding classification Movements Anteriorly with protraction Posteriorly with retraction Superiorly with elevation Inferiorly with depression
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Joints Acromioclavicular (AC) Movements Often injured
Arthrodial/gliding classification Movements Some gliding & rotational motion accompanying other shoulder girdle & shoulder joint motions Often injured
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Objectives Bones, bony landmarks and joints Muscles Movements
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Muscles Five muscles primarily involved in shoulder girdle movements
All originate on axial skeleton & insert on scapula and/or clavicle Do not attach to humerus & do not cause shoulder joint actions Functions: Stability ROM of shoulder joint
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Shoulder Girdle Muscles
Five muscles primarily involved in shoulder girdle movements Trapezius - upper, middle, lower Rhomboid - deep Levator scapula Serratus anterior Pectoralis minor - deep
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Trapezius
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Levator Scapulae
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Rhomboids
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Serratus Anterior
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Pectoralis Minor
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Subclavius
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Objectives Bones, bony landmarks and joints Muscles Movements
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Movements Focus on specific bony landmarks
inferior angle glenoid fossa acromion process Shoulder girdle movements = scapula movements
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Movements Elevation Depression
upward or superior movement, as in shrugging shoulders Depression downward or inferior movement, as in returning to normal position
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Movements Abduction (protraction) Adduction (retraction)
scapula moves laterally away from spinal column Adduction (retraction) scapula moves medially toward spinal column
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Movements Upward rotation Downward rotation
turning glenoid fossa upward & moving inferior angle superolaterally away from spinal column Downward rotation returning inferior angle inferomedially toward spinal column & glenoid fossa to normal position
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Shoulder Girdle Movements
Elevation Shoulder Girdle Movements Abduction Adduction Upward Rotation Downward Rotation Depression
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Movements Anterior tilt (upward tilt) Posterior tilt (downward tilt)
Rotational movement of scapula about frontal axis Occurs during glenohumeral hyperextension Posterior tilt (downward tilt) Occurs during glenohumeral hyperflexion
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Movements Lateral tilt (outward tilt)
Rotational movement about its vertical axis Occurs during protraction Medial tilt (return from lateral tilt, inward tilt) Occurs during retraction
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Movements Shoulder joint & shoulder girdle work together
Shoulder girdle movement independent Upward/downward rotation? Shoulder girdle muscles Stabilize scapula Enhance ROM of shoulder joint
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ELEVATION Proximal attachment: Above or below scapula/clavicle?
How many muscles fit this criteria? Upper fibers trapezius Middle fibers trapezius Rhomboids Levator Scapulae
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DEPRESSION Proximal attachment: Above or below scapula/clavicle?
How many muscles fit this criteria? Lower fibers trapezius Pectoralis minor Subclavius
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RETRACTION Proximal attachment: In front (ribs) or behind (spine)?
How many muscles fit this criteria? Trapezius (all fibers) Rhomboids Levator scapulae
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PROTRACTION Proximal attachment: In front (ribs) or behind (spine)?
How many muscles fit this criteria? Serratus anterior Pectoralis minor
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UPWARD ROTATION Upward or downward torque?
How many muscles fit this criteria? Trapezius (all fibers) Serratus anterior
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DOWNWARD ROTATION Upward or downward torque?
How many muscles fit this criteria? Pectoralis minor Rhomboids
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