1. Marine Biodiversity: A science Roadmap for Europe Yves-Marie PAULET IUEM LabexMER Marine Board delegate – French university network

2. Marine board 34 member organizations from 20 countries Major national marine or oceanographic institutes Research funding agencies National consortia of universities Developing marine policy advices to national agencies and to the european commission Promoting the establishment of the European Marine Research Area

3. Brest 14th november 2012 What do we already know about Marine Biodiversity ? The highest diversity on the earth 70% of marine eukaryotic species are yet to be described (excluding the Bacteria and Archaea enormous diversity, wich covers about 90% of the living biomass in the ocean) A better knowledge allowed by new tools and methods : biomarkers, stable isotopes, mathematical models, sequencing and molecular technologies. New exploration tools as ROVs and drilling A progressively emerging knowledge of the beneficial goods and services provided by biodiversity

4. Brest 14th november 2012 What are the gaps in our knowledge of Marine Biodiversity ? (1/2) We are very far from a complete knowledge of biodiversity, the vast majority have to be discovered and described Moreover, for the majority of the known species there is a complete lack of scientific knowledge concerning : -The full life-cycle -Ecological niche and role -Population structure and status -Pathogens, symbionts and more globally all interactions with other components of the ecosystem Taxonomy, one of the core disciplines for the study of biodiversity is in serious decline. For entire animal groups there is not a single expert alive Microbial-Classical biodiversity interactions, land-ocean interactions, poorly understood

5. Brest 14th november 2012 What are the gaps in our knowledge of Marine Biodiversity ? (2/2) Global climate change impact : Ecological mechanisms and adaptation processes intricated / a pluridisciplinary science to develop Link biodiversity information with regional and global ecosysteme models, and biogeochemical ones Importance of biodiversity to human well-being poorly understood. Need a much- impoved collaboration between natural scientists, social scientists and economists

6. Brest 14th november 2012 What tools do we need to support Marine Biodiversity Science ? To track Marine Biodiversity changes effectively, a major effort is required to deliver a coherent network of biological observatories (selected locations, common protocols, quality control, free access to data) Combine the improvement of molecular techniques with a strong effort in traditional taxonomy, phenotypical and ecological approaches Enhance experimental capacities in marine ecology Associate european coastal marine laboratories and stations in an unified network of Marine Biodiversity observation

7. Brest 14th november 2012 Science-Policy interface we need CBD – Conference of the parties 2002 Ecosystem approach by 2010 MPA network by 2012 Maintain productivity and biodiversity EU commission 2011 in line with Nagoya 2010 halting loss of biodiversity and degradation of ecosysteme services by 2020 restoring ecosystem in so far as possible Firstly we need to continue to support Marine Bo­diversity science in Europe Secondly, we need to use, more actively and effectively, the knowledge al­ready available to guide our management decisions related to activities which im­pact on the marine environment

8. Brest 14th november 2012 A roadmap for European Marine Biodiversity Science Ten research priorities 1.Improving baseline knowledge 2.Developed electronic monographs 3.Understand factors that generate, maintain and deplet Marine Biodiversity 4.Marine Biodiverst role in ecosysteme functioning and biogeochemical cycles 5.Processes of adaptation of marine populations 6.Developing interdisciplinary scenarios for biodiversity changes 7.Understanding link between marine biodiversity and ecosystem services 8.Supporting policy design and implementation 9.Creating an effective valuation system 10.Developing economic opportunities

9. Brest 14th november 2012 A roadmap for European Marine Biodiversity Science Six strategic recommendations Marine Biodiversity Science Plan Adressing critical gaps : Observation, experimental platforms, taxoniomic expertise European Biodiversity Observing system a coordinated and sustained system of biodiversity observatories (linked to EMODNET, LifeWatch and GEO-BON / EOOS) Data management and e-science development Human capacity development; Phenotypic-Genotypic approaches / contribution of non scientific public Marine biodiversity Science-Policy platform / European contribution to IPBES Marine biodiversity conference, Early in the Horizon 2020 funding period

10. Brest 14th november 2012