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Chapter 4 Flashcards
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Allocution
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to speak out formally
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asset forfeiture
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an economic sanction frequently used under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) statutes
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bail
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money or property pledged to or held by the court to ensure that an arrested and charged individual will appear for trial
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caseload
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number of clients assigned to a given supervision officer
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community service
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the offender provides a service to the community as required by the court
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diversion
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the process of removing individuals from the formal system of prosecution and adjudication and placing them in a less-formal treatment system
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extrainstitutional punishment
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criminal sanctions administered outside a secure correctional facility
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Habeas Corpus Act of 1679
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an act of the English parliament allowing the magistrate discretion to release a prisoner on their own recognizance
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halfway house
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community-based supervised residential program generally used as a bridge between prison and freedom
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intensive supervision programs (ISPs)
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the monitoring of releasees closely with curfews, multiple weekly contacts with case managers, strict enforcement of conditions, unscheduled drug testing, and community service
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intermediate sanctions
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extrainstitutional punishments that include all types of correctional programming between traditional probation and prison
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judicial reprieve
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the suspension of a penal sanction for a fixed time; common practice in medieval English courts
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labeling
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the process through which individuals adopt the characteristics of whatever it is they have been designated by those powerful enough to make the new status stick
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mixed caseload
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both misdemeanants and felons among the probationers supervised by a Probation Officer
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needs principle
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assess criminogenic needs and target them in treatment
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net widening
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occurs when a diversionary program designed to reduce the overall volume of contacts with and depth of penetration into the justice system does just the opposite
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presentence investigation (PSI)
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a detailed examination of a defendant’s life prepared by a probation officer, caseworker, or other court officer
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probation
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the conditional freedom granted an offender by a court
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release on recognizance (ROR)
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the accused posted a bond or surety deposit with the court
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responsivity
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measures the risk and need for offender assessment and rehabilitation
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restitution
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either alone or with probation; serves as an economic sanction
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risk principle
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assess criminogenic needs and target them in treatment
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surveillance officers
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typically sworn peace officers or other probation employees with limited arrest powers
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technical violation
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a violation of a condition of probation
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workload
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refers to the amount of time needed to complete various tasks associated with supervising clients
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