1. The Wireless Revolution

2. OBJECTIVES
Identify the principal wireless transmission media and devices, cellular network standards and generations, and standards for mobile Web access
Describe the major standards for wireless networks and for wireless Internet access
Evaluate the role of m-commerce in business and describe the most important m-commerce applications

3. OBJECTIVES (Continued)
Assess the business value of wireless technology and describe important wireless applications in business
Identify and describe the challenges posed by wireless technology and management solutions

4. THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE The Wireless Revolution
Mobile phones have become mobile platforms for delivering digital data, used for recording and downloading photos, video and music, Internet access, and transmitting payments.
An array of technologies provides high-speed wireless access to the Internet for PCs and other wireless handheld devices and cell phones.
Businesses increasingly use wireless to cut costs, increase flexibility, and create new products and services.

5. Mobile Versus Fixed-line Subscribers Worldwide
THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Mobile Versus Fixed-line Subscribers Worldwide

6. THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE Business Value of Wireless Networking
Wireless communication helps businesses easily stay in touch with customers, suppliers, and employees.
Wireless networking increases worker productivity and output, as workers take less time to establish contact with people and to access information.

7. THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Business Value of Wireless Networking (Continued)
Companies can save on wiring offices, moving, and making network changes by using wireless networks.
Wireless technology has also been the source of new products, services, and sales channels in a variety of industries, e.g. OnStar, Starbucks “hot spots”.

8. Wireless Transmission Media and Devices
THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Wireless Transmission Media and Devices
All wireless media rely on various parts of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Microwave systems transmit high-frequency radio signals through the atmosphere.
Communication satellites are used for geographically dispersed organizations.

9. Frequency Ranges for Communications Media and Devices
THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Frequency Ranges for Communications Media and Devices

10. THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE Amoco’s Satellite Transmission System

11. THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Devices for Wireless Transmission:
Paging systems
handhelds
Cellular telephones
Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs)
Smart phones

12. Cellular Network Standards and Generations
THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Cellular Network Standards and Generations
Standards:
Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM)
Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)

13. THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Cellular Generations:
1G: Analog cellular networks for voice communication
2G: Digital wireless networks, primarily for voice communication; limited data transmission capability

14. THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Cellular Generations: (Continued)
2.5G: Interim step toward 3G in the United States
3G: High-speed; mobile; supports video and other rich media; always-on transmission for , Web browsing, instant messaging

15. Mobile Wireless Standards for Web Access
THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Mobile Wireless Standards for Web Access
Wireless Application Protocol (WAP): Uses Wireless Markup Language (WML) and micro-browsers
I-mode: Uses compact HTML and allows for continuous connection

16. Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) versus I-mode
THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) versus I-mode

17. WIRELESS COMPUTER NETWORKS AND INTERNET ACCESS
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) established a hierarchy of complementary standards for wireless computer networks.
Global Wireless Network Standards:
IEEE (Bluetooth) for the Personal Area Network (PAN)
IEEE (Wi-Fi) for the Local Area Network (LAN)

18. WIRELESS COMPUTER NETWORKS AND INTERNET ACCESS
Global Wireless Network Standards: (Continued)
IEEE (WiMax) for the Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
IEEE (proposed) standard for the Wide Area Network (WAN)

19. WIRELESS COMPUTER NETWORKS AND INTERNET ACCESS
Bluetooth
Can link up to 8 devices in 10-m area
Low power requirements

20. WIRELESS COMPUTER NETWORKS AND INTERNET ACCESS
Wi-Fi
Three standards: a, b, g
Infrastructure mode: Devices use access point to communicate with wired network
Ad-hoc mode (peer-to-peer): Wireless devices communicate directly with each other

21. A Bluetooth Network (PAN)
WIRELESS COMPUTER NETWORKS AND INTERNET ACCESS
A Bluetooth Network (PAN)

22. WIRELESS COMPUTER NETWORKS AND INTERNET ACCESS
An Wireless LAN

23. M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING
M-commerce: The use of the Internet for purchasing goods and services and also for transmitting messages using wireless mobile devices
Mobile computing: Enables internet-enabled cell phones, PDAs, and other wireless computing devices to access digital information on the Internet from any location

24. M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING Global M-Commerce Revenue, 2000–2005

25. M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING M-Commerce Services and Applications
Information-based services: Instant messaging, , searching for a movie or restaurant using a cell phone or handheld PDA
Transaction-based services: Purchasing stocks, concert tickets, music, or games; searching for the best price for an item using a cell phone and buying it in a physical store or on the Web

26. M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING
M-Commerce Services and Applications (Continued)
Personalized services: Services that anticipate what a customer wants based on that person’s location or data profile, such as updated airline flight information or beaming coupons for nearby restaurants

27. Customer Personalization with the Ubiquitous Internet
M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING
Customer Personalization with the Ubiquitous Internet

28. Accessing Information from the Wireless Web
M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING
Accessing Information from the Wireless Web
Wireless portals: Content and services optimized for smaller screens of mobile devices to steer users to the information they are most likely to need
Voice portals: Accept voice commands for accessing Web content, , and other electronic applications from a cell phone or standard telephone

29. M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING Digital Payment Systems and M-Commerce
Micro-payment system
Individual service providers run their own separate payment systems
Small payments added on to single bill
Stored payment system
Cell phone equipped with smart card storing rechargeable electronic cash
Mobile Wallets (m-Wallets): Store personal data to use in online transactions

30. M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING M-Commerce Challenges
Slow data transfer speeds on second-generation cellular networks, resulting in higher costs to customer
Limited memory and power supplies

31. M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING M-Commerce Challenges (Continued)
More Web sites need to be designed specifically for small wireless devices.
Keyboards and screens on cell phones are still tiny and awkward to use.

32. Wireless Applications for Customer Relationship Management
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
Wireless Applications for Customer Relationship Management
Wireless CRM enables sales and field service professionals to:
Access customer account records and information at any time or location

33. Wireless Applications for Customer Relationship Management (Continued)
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
Wireless Applications for Customer Relationship Management (Continued)
Update customer accounts and deal information to update customer database instantaneously
Receive alerts to important events
Enter, perform, and update transactions and product information

34. Pitney Bowes’s Wireless CRM System
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
Pitney Bowes’s Wireless CRM System

35. WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
Wireless Supply Chain Management (SCM) and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
Wireless supply chain management systems: Provide simultaneous accurate information about demand, supply, production, and logistics as goods move among supply chain partners
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems: Provide a powerful technology for tracking the movement of goods throughout the supply chain

36. WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
How RFID Works

37. WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
Wireless in Health Care
Wireless Applications:
Electronic Medical Record (EMR) retrieval
Wireless note taking for patient charts
Lab test results
Prescription generation
Medical databases

38. Wireless Sensor Networks and Pervasive Computing
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
Wireless Sensor Networks and Pervasive Computing
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs): Networks of interconnected wireless devices that are embedded into the physical environment to provide measurements of many points over large spaces

39. WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
Wireless Sensor Networks and Pervasive Computing (Continued)
Pervasive computing: Wireless technologies are pushing computing into every facet of life, including cars, homes, office buildings, tools and factories; providing connections anywhere and anytime.

40. WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE A Wireless Sensor Network

41. MANAGEMENT OPPORTUNITIES, CHALLENGES, AND SOLUTIONS
Wireless technology offers:
Flexible business processes
Business processes not limited by time or space
New channel for communicating with client
Source of new products and services

42. MANAGEMENT OPPORTUNITIES, CHALLENGES, AND SOLUTIONS
Management Challenges:
Integrating wireless technology into the firm’s IT infrastructure
Maintaining security and privacy

43. MANAGEMENT OPPORTUNITIES, CHALLENGES, AND SOLUTIONS
Solution Guidelines:
The following are some of the guidelines for managing mobile technology in the enterprise:
Identifying areas in which wireless can provide value
Creating a management framework for wireless technology
Using a pilot program before full-scale rollout of wireless systems