2. The Anatomy and Physiology of the Muscular System By: Shane Dooley Audience: Anyone wanting to know more about the muscles in the human body

3. Definition of Anatomy and Physiology Anatomy- the study of structure Physiology- the study of function Look at us go!

4. Muscular System Muscles in the body provide many different things to the body: Strength Balance Posture Movement Heat for the body to keep warm

5. Muscle Types There are three types of muscles in the body Cardiac muscle Skeletal Muscle Smooth Muscle

6. Muscle Type Cardiac Muscle Cardiac muscle is found in the walls of the heart It is an involuntary striated muscle The cardiac muscles move blood out of the atria and ventricles to the blood vessels The cardiac muscles, just like the other two types of muscles need blood to deliver oxygen to them and remove wastes from them like carbon dioxide

7. Cardiac Muscle

8. Muscle Type Skeletal Muscle Skeletal muscle is a part of the somatic nervous system It is a voluntary muscle Skeletal muscles are attached to bones by collagen fibers known as tendons Skeletal muscles are made of up muscle fibers There are three different types of skeletal muscles/ muscle fibers

9. Skeletal Muscle

10. Skeletal Muscle Muscle Fiber Types Type I FibersType II a FibersType II b Fibers Contraction Time Slow TwitchFast TwitchVery Fast Twitch ActivityUsed for Aerobic (Long Distance Running) Long Term Anaerobic Short Term Anaerobic (Sprinting)

11. Muscle Type Smooth Muscle Smooth muscle is an involuntary muscle It is found within the walls of blood vessels, small arteries, arterioles and veins Smooth muscles are broken down into two sub groups: single unit and multiunit

12. Smooth Muscle

13. Smooth Muscle Types Single Unit Single unit smooth muscle is innervated by the autonomic nervous system Multiunit Multiunit smooth muscle innervates individual cells meaning it is very similar to motor unit recruitment in skeletal muscles

14. Muscle Injuries Muscle injuries can happen to anyone Athletes are more susceptible to a muscle injury For more information follow this link: http://www.emedicinehealth.com/muscle_strain /article_em.htm http://www.emedicinehealth.com/muscle_strain /article_em.htm

15. Stretching Even though there are different types of muscles, it is extremely important to stretch them all so that an injury does not occur Stretching is the easiest and most important way to keep from injuring a muscle There are two types of stretching: static and dynamic

16. Types of Stretching Dynamic Stretching This type of stretching should be done before a workout This stretching increases range of movement, blood and oxygen flow to the muscles When done properly, dynamic stretching helps to reduce the risk of injury Static Stretching Used when the body is at rest, or cooling down Hold stretch for approximately 30 seconds Static stretching allows for the muscles to relax and to be stretched at a greater length, making you more flexible

17. Muscles of the Body

18. Muscles of the Head

19. Muscles of the Upper Body

20. Muscles of the Arms

21. Muscles of the Legs