1. Giovanni Facilitates Investigations of Coastal Environmental Processes with NASA Remote-Sensing Data James G. Acker NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC) Coastal Geotools ‘07

2. Giovanni -generated anomaly analysis of SeaWiFS normalized-water leaving radiance at 555 nm for September 1999 nLw(555) anomaly analysis is based on the SeaWiFS climatology compiled from September 1997 to August 2006

3. Giovanni -generated image of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) accumulated rainfall from Hurricane Floyd, September 16-17, 1999

4. So now I hope that you can’t wait to find out… What is Giovanni ? “Giovanni” stands for G ES DISC I nteractive O nline V isualization AN d a N alysis I nfrastructure It’s much easier to just say “Giovanni”.

5. What does Giovanni do? Giovanni is a Web-based data exploration system that enables rapid data access, analysis, and visualization online – users do not have to download data files to their own system before initiating analysis and research.

6. The main components of the Giovanni interface are:  interactive map for region-of-interest selection;  menu of available data products;  calendar menu for time-period selection;  menu of visualization options;  visualization-specific options (color palette, axis values);  menu of output options (plot, ASCII text data)

7. This presentation will discuss:  Precipitation data from TRMM;  MODIS atmospheric data  Atmospheric data from the Advanced Infrared Sounder (AIRS)  Ocean color data from SeaWiFS and MODIS + sea surface temperature from MODIS (my specialty)

8. Precipitation data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM)  TRMM is still in operation;  Mission data record begins in January 1998 (other precipitation data sets in Giovanni begin in 1979 and 1950, respectively);  TRMM observational coverage is about 35˚ N to 35˚ S.

9. TRMM accumulated rainfall for Ivan, Katrina, and Rita Ivan, 09/16/2004 Katrina, 08/24 – 09/03/2005 Rita, 09/20 – 09/27, 2005

10. TRMM data is not just for hurricanes: Standard convective summer thunderstorm precipitation can also be analyzed. Rainfall accumulation over Florida, August 25-31, 2001

11. Atmospheric data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)  MODIS-Terra record begins March 2000;  MODIS-Aqua record begins July 2002.  Data include clouds, water vapor, and aerosols.  Global observational coverage

12. Winter vs. Summer Aerosol Optical Depth on the U.S. East Coast February 2003 August 2003

13. Time-Series of Aerosol Optical Depth over Cape Hatteras

14. Hovmöller time vs. longitude plot of Aerosol Optical Depth over North Carolina and Virginia, August 2003 – January 2006 For this region:

15. Advanced Infrared Sounder (AIRS)  provides relative humidity, water vapor, cloud, and temperature data;  can be plotted as atmospheric profiles  daily or monthly data is available Relative humidity time-series for North Carolina – southern Virginia region shown in previous slide

16. “Online Analysis Enhances Use of NASA Earth Science Data” Eos, 88(2), January 9, 2007 * features multiple views of Saharan dust storms: * Reprints available on request at the end of the presentation MODIS image, aerosol optical depth plot and Hovmöller diagram Aerosol optical depth time-series and AIRS relative humidity profile Dry dust storm air mass

17. Ocean Color (Radiometry*) data from SeaWiFS and MODIS-Aqua  SeaWiFS data available from September 1997 (8-day and monthly data products)  MODIS-Aqua data available from June 2002  MODIS-Terra SST data soon-to-available from mid-2000 In addition to the basic Giovanni functions, Ocean Color Giovanni includes: SeaWiFS climatological anomaly analysis NASA Ocean Biogeochemical Model (NOBM) output Multi-dataset Intercomparison Interface – multiple data display in map plots, time-series, and scatter plots * as requested by the International Ocean Color Coordinating Group

18. Examples of coastal zone data analyses from Ocean Color Giovanni Gulf of Mexico, January 2003: SeaWiFS Chlorophyll color map MODIS-Aqua SST contour map

19. Animation: Southeastern United States coast, March 30 – April 30, 2003 (with customized color palette) 0.1 to 5.0 mg m -3

20. Time-Series Analysis: ASCII data output from Giovanni, input to Excel spreadsheet, allows simple statistical analysis of time-series trends Analysis of Region 8 Region plot: Chlorophyll concentrations averaged over full time-period “Raw” time- series plot: Complete time-period of area average concentrations Time-series Analysis: With trend slope and significance value

21. Scatter plots: Changes in chlorophyll-SST relationships at the mouth of Tampa Bay for August-November periods with high (2004, 2005) and low (2002, 2003) hurricane influence Aug-Sep Oct Nov 2002 Aug-Sep Oct Nov 2003 Oct Nov Aug Sep 2004 Oct Nov Aug Sep 2005 Area plots of chlorophyll concentrations for this region and time period in 2002 and 2005

22. SeaWiFS Chlorophyll Climatological Anomaly Analysis: Using a September 1997 – August 2006 base period, Giovanni allows comparison of average chlorophyll concentrations for any time-period (up to one year) to the climatological average October 2005 was the wettest October in history for the northern Mid-Atlantic and New England coastal states

23. Time-series of chlorophyll concentration anomaly shows a remarkably large anomaly in November 2005 November 2005 Comparison of the chlorophyll concentration anomalies in November 2004 (left) and 2005 (right) shows the wide area distribution of the positive anomalies

24. These examples of Giovanni analyses provide a cross-section of Giovanni’s capabilities for coastal zone monitoring and research utilizing several different remotely-sensed data products from NASA. Coastal zone issues to which these data may be applied include: Water-quality monitoring Nutrient load impacts Hazardous algal blooms Flood and drought assessment Severe storm impact Influences on coastal habitats and protected areas Regional trend detection Air quality monitoring and event detection

25. Suspended sediments in Florida Bay caused by Hurricane Wilma For ocean color Giovanni, we are currently working on the addition of a “colored dissolved and detrital matter” data product and a particulate backscatter data product. We are hoping to add a euphotic depth data product (1% light level), which can be easily transformed to Secchi depth values. We believe this product will have broad applicability for coastal zone water quality monitoring.

26. The coastal zone is a fragile and delicate environment. Let us all work together to understand and protect it. Thank you for your attention today.