1. Denver School of Nursing – General Education Classes Lecture / Laboratory :Monday 10:00 am – 2:24pm Lecture:Tuesday 4:30pm – 6:30pm Instructor: Lisa Johansen, PhD Microbiology

2. When you see the word microbiology… What do you think of?? Microbiology

3. What is your connection to microbiology?? Work? Home? Health? Microbiology

4. Chapter 1 The Science of Microbiology

5.  Six subgroups  Bacteria  Archaea  Algae  Fungi  Protozoa  Viruses  Helminths **

6.  1674Leeuwenhoek: sees microorganisms  1796Jenner: vaccine for smallpox  1847Semmelweiss: cause of childbed fever  1859Pasteur: disproves spontaneous gen.  1865Lister: introduces antiseptic technique  1876Koch: pure culture on agar  1892Iwanowski: discovers viruses  1894Ehrlich: selective toxicity  1929Fleming: discovers penicillin  1977Woese: classifies archaea

7.  Made his own microscopes  Antony van Leeuwenhoek ▪ Looked at everything he could ▪ White matter from his teeth

8.  Observation:  Dairymaids who had mild cowpox infections were protected from smallpox  Hypothesis  Cowpox infection provides protection against smallpox  Experiment  Inoculated boy with cowpox fluid and later challenged with smallpox fluid  Result  Boy did not get smallpox

9.  Wash your hands!  Ignaz Semmelweis ▪ Medical students were bring disease from the morgue to the women’s clinic

10.  Life is formed from inanimate objects  Fruit flies!!!

11.  Louis Pasteur  Used swan-neck flask  Boiled broth  Open to the air  No growth unless broth was washed into the curved neck

12.  Against infection via phenol  Joseph Lister ▪ How good is the mouthwash though?

13.  Koch ’ s Postulates 1. Microbes present in samples of diseased animal 2. Grow organism in pure culture 3. Inject healthy animal with cultured cells 4. Animal develops same disease

14.  Smaller than bacteria - filterable  Dmitri Iwanowski and Martinus Beijerinick ▪ Tobacco mosaic virus

15.  Chemotherapy  Paul Ehrlich ▪ Magic Bullet Theory

16.  The birth of antibiotics  Alexander Fleming ▪ Bad lab techniques made him famous

17.  Not just bacteria anymore  Carl Woese ▪ Extremophiles

18.  Diagnostics  Treatments  Genomics  Epidemiology  Emerging diseases  Bioremediation  Environment micro / microbial ecology  Green fuels  Bioterrorism  Bioengineering  Agricultural microbiology  Industrial microbiology

19. Chapter 10 meet the microbes! Six subgroups Bacteria Archaea Algae Fungi Protozoa Viruses Helminths **

20. Classification systems and names Kingdom

21. Writing names properly binomial nomenclature genus species Escherichia coli or Escherichia coli E. coli or E. coli

22. bacteria = binomial nomenclature plus genus species strains E. coli K12 E. coli ML30 E. coli 0157:H7

23. How we classify - methods - old

24. How we classify - Dichotomous key - an oldie but goodie

25. How we classify - methods - new molecular biology / genetics

26. Molecular biology and identification

27. The Prokaryotes - Ch. 11 Archaea Bacteria

28. Prokaryotes: Homework Chose 5 bacteria (total) from different 5 different phyla (Ch. 11) and describe: habitat - where is it normally found? shape (morphology - what does it look like under the microscope) pathogenesis (does it cause disease? if so how?) three interesting facts (not covered above) think medical or environmental importance unique features include a picture of the organism This must be a PowerPoint presentation. This is part of your weekly presentation grade. Due 1/14/13 @ beginning of class - on a thumb drive or email to me.

29. Eukaryotes and Helminths and Arthropod vectors Chapter 12

30. A few eukaryotes to know about: Fungi macroscopicmicroscopic

31. Eukaryotic cells - Fungi heterotrophic saprobe

32. Eukaryotic cells - Fungi yeast colonies mycelium spores

33. A few eukaryotes to know about: Fungi

34. Fungal diseases : thermal dimorphoism

35. Mycoses = fungal infections ringworm / tinea athletes foot / tinea thrush Cryptococcus Aspergillus

36. Good Fungi

37. Good Fungi - antibiotic producers

38. A few eukaryotes to know about: Algae

39. A few eukaryotes to know about: Lichens

40. A few eukaryotes to know about: Protozoa Paramecium Amoeba Giardia

41. A few eukaryotes to know about: Protozoa: trypanosome

42. A few eukaryotes to know about: Protozoa: Toxoplasma gondii

43. A few eukaryotes to know about: Protozoa: Plasmodium

44. A few eukaryotes to know about: Slime molds http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bkVhLJLG7ug

45. A few eukaryotes to know about: Helminths Intestinal Helminths

46. Eukaryotes - Helminths FlukesTapewormsRoundworms

47. YOU and Helminths diseases

48. Parasitic Helminths

49. A few eukaryotes to know about: Arthropod vectors

50. YOU and Arthropod vectors / diseases

51. Chapter 13 - Viruses !!!!!!!!!!!

52. Viruses- naked vs. enveloped

53. Viruses - such cool shapes

54. Virus “life” cycle

55. Viruses - entry

56. Viruses - exit

57. Viruses - types of genomes

58. Virus classification http://www.virology.ws/2009/08/07/how-viruses-are-classified/

59. Viruses - reproduction

61. YOU and viral diseases Poliovirus

62. YOU and viral diseases Influenza

63. Influenza – why you have to get a immunization each year

64. YOU and viral diseases HIV – Human Immunodeficiency Virus

65. Retroviruses - reverse transcription

66. Retroviruses - genome integration

67. YOU and viral diseases Mononucleosis – Epstein Barr Virus

68. YOU and viral diseases Herpes Virus

69. YOU and viral diseases: Cancer http://cancer.about.com/od/cancercauses/a/Viruses-And-Cancer.htm

70. Phage / bacteriophage – lytic vs. lysogenic cycle http://biology.about.com/od/virology/ss/Bacteriophage.htm

71. Phage / bacteriophage – lytic vs. lysogenic cycle

72. Viruses and plants http://www.microbiologybytes.com/virology/Plant.html http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/08/110810093833.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_virus http://www.ipm.iastate.edu/ipm/hortnews/2007/4-11/sick.html

73. What if you are already sick: Antivirals

74. For next week: Your bacterial presentations - chapter 11 Multiple choice quiz chapters 1 - History 10 - classification 12 - eukaryotes 1 3 - viruses Read chapters 2 - 3 - 4 Read Lab exercises 5, 6, 7