1. Capturing Water for Food And Carbon Sequestration

2. Environnemental issues… Sustainable crop production Carbon sequestration in Cropping systems ?

3. THE CENTRAL CONCEPT RIDGE TILLAGE ALONG CONTOUR LINES (Billons en courbes de niveaux)

4. Alfisols Aridisols Ultisols Major Soil Types (USDA Soil Taxonomy)

5. Major Soil Constraints LAC soil properties P and N deficiencies Soil acidity Soil erosion (run-off) ‘Soil mining’

6. THE APPROACH Capture rain water (infiltration) Use soil water efficiently (biomass) Manage soil organic matter (increase and maintain)

7. ‘C-4 TECHNOLOGIES’ A: ‘Courbes de niveaux’ B: O & M fertilizers management C: Crop residues management D: Reduced tillage

9. ‘COURBES DE NIVEAUX’ Reduced run off (20 – 40%) Deeper wetting front ( from 1.2 to 2.0 m) Increased soil water content (10 to 30% - vol.)

12. ‘COURBES DE NIVEAUX’… Yield increase of 30% (alone) Yield increase of 50% (in combination with fertilizers) Cost: US$10.00 per ha (contour lines or ‘ados’) Acreage and demand: ???

13. DESIGNING THE ’ADOS’…

14. ‘SIDE IMPACTS’… Vegetation regeneration - biodiversity Increased fructification of ‘shea butter tree’ (Vitellaria paradoxa) Increased availabilty of drinking water Environmental rehabilitation (reclaimed ‘bare soils’ to producing 1 – 2 t/ha cotton).

15. Ridge Tilling – cumulative effects Vegetation increase due to ridge tillage (Konobougou, Mali) No Ridge-till

18. A Major Challenge: INCREASING & MAINTAINING SOC The social-economic roles of crop residues… Reducing tillage… Live fencing…

28. In-situ Measurements C-4-T testing Water properties of RT Carbon properties of RT ‘LOI’ temperatures Methods of carbon analysis

29. 8 Experimental Sites

30. PRODUCTS TO DELIVER… in 5 years 100,000 ha under C-4 technologies Productivity and rural income doubled Access to drinking water increased SOM increased (0.20 to 0.40%) Improved environment 500,000 t of C DELIVERED ($2,000,000.00)

34. Thanks for your attention !