1. camera products and the future

2. DAC & actuators memory and processor communication ADC video, audio, temperature, chemical, tactile electronic system of the future

3. this processor has a lot of logic allocated to scene analysis that’s why people like to look at pictures why are products that can capture images important?

4. cell phone camera image 640 x 480 needs more pixels and more dynamic range

5. human vision silicon sensitivity

6. pixel spacing limit = 0.61 ( f number ) about 3 um for f/8 in green light

7. volume / weights3s3 CCD read energys3s3 CMOS read energys2s2 imager areas2s2 Imager costs2s2 pixel counts2s2 f number = L / Ds0s0 pixel pitchs0s0 pixel areas0s0 pixel SNRs0s0 ISOs0s0 depth of fields -1

8. FOVEON X3 IMAGE SENSOR SUMMARY measures all colors in each pixel location, CCD sensors measure only one color uses a fundamental property of silicon for the color filtering, CCD sensors use plastic filters applied as a post process step

9. spot size Foveon X3everybody else vertical color filter lateral color filter Foveon X3 vertical color filter image sensor captures 3X information from a given spot 3  m

10. time wavelength sun lithography pixel size transistor size

12. no noise reduction with noise reduction ISO 1600

13. James Janesick Scientific Charge Coupled Devices SPIE press 2001

14. what camera consumers actually need 97% pictures 5x7 prints => 2 M pixels consumers know they will get better pictures with more light good $99.95 digital camera

15. SOC camera chip $$$ Ghz DSP tiny transistors CCD spec imager specialized transistors 14 bit ADC big transistors

16. single element plastic lens in camera module cannot correct for chromatic aberration optically lens DSP imager FRP multi chip image module sensor

17. edge of field image before correction after correction of lateral chromatic aberration correction of lateral chromatic aberration is easier if all color information from each pixel site is available

18. the superficial plastic color filter is the manufacturing Achille’s heal for cheap CMOS image sensors limits fab sources messy process with nasty learning curve color control difficult to manage color filters fragile

19. conclusions figure out what quality/cost consumers really need

20. conclusions figure out what quality/cost consumers really need determine what the real performance problem is

21. conclusions figure out what quality/cost consumers really need determine what the real performance problem is figure out how to make it cheaper

22. conclusions figure out what quality/cost consumers really need determine what the real performance problem is figure out how to make it cheaper don’t listen to anybody, think instead