1. Exercise Physiology – The Basics

2. 4 Components When we look at exercise physiology there are 4 main components: 1.The Heart 2.The Lungs 3.The Muscles 4.Energy Systems

3. What’s the Point? By knowing basic information in relation to these areas we can begin to understand the impact that exercise has on these. This enables us to have a greater understanding of how to train and what should occur.

4. The Heart

5. The Love Organ Despite being the very organ that enables us to fall in and experience love it also has a very real role in enabling us to fall head over heals with someone else!

6. The Heart The main functions of the heart are:

7. Circulatory System

8. Terminology Here is some terms that are relevant to the heart and exercise physiology and make you sound flash in your assignment: Heart rate is simply the number of heart beats per minute. Stroke volume is the volume of blood, in milliliters (mL), pumped out of the heart with each beat. Cardiac output: is the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute (mL blood/min). Cardiac Output in mL/min = heart rate (beats/min) X stroke volume (mL/beat)

9. The Lungs

10. The main functions of the lungs are:

11. Respiratory System

12. Terminology Here is some terms that are relevant to the lungs and exercise physiology and make you sound flash in your assignment: Respiratory Volumes: is the amount of air inhaled, exhaled and stored within the lungs at any given time Tidal Volume: the amount of air which enters the lungs during normal inhalation at rest

13. Energy Systems

14. ATP-CP System Replenishes ATP rapidly by breaking down Creatine Phosphate releasing energy to reform ATP Short duration (<10 secs) Active at the beginning of all forms of activities Especially important in high intensity exercises like weight lifting that require short bursts of energy. Only a small quantity of PC can be stored. Athletes do try to load up with supplements

15. Anaerobic Breakdown of carbohydrates (glycolysis) for fuel when without oxygen eg beginning of exercise or high intensity workout >85% of HRmax Results in formation of lactic acid, which causes muscle fatigue Last for 10 seconds to 2 minutes

16. Aerobic Replenishes ATP with the use of oxygen Efficient- 1 molecule- 36 ATP molecule System works at rest and during very low intensity exercise This form of energy primarily utilizes fats (75%) and carbohydrates (25%) as fuel sources, but as intensity is increased there is a switch from fats (25%) to carbohydrates (75%)

17. Muscles

18. Muscle Structure Muscles are necessary in order to create movement. There basic structure is as follows: – Tendon attaches to bone – Muscle – Fascicle (portion of muscle) – Muscle Fiber (cell) – Myofibril – Sarcomere (segment of a myofibril)

19. Sliding Filament Theory

20. Mitochondria Mitochondria are the cell's power producers. They convert energy into forms that are usable by the cell.cell