1. Skeletal System By: Chryslyn, Braxton, and Nate

2. What is the Skeletal System The skeletal system protects and supports an organism’s body, while also providing strength. The skeletal system is made up of cartilage, calcified bones, tendons, joints, and ligaments. Although some organisms, such as insects, don’t have bones, they still have a skeletal system. Both insects and crabs have shells made of chitin. This is called an Exoskeleton Some bones are hollow and filled with marrow

3. Function of Skeletal System Bones support the soft internal organs by forming a framework Bones enable the body to stand Works together with the muscular system, enabling movement

4. Compact vs Spongy Bone The outer shell of all bones is made up of the compact bone. Shafts in long bones are also made up of compact bone. Spongy bone is less dense, found at the ends of long bones, and it fills most irregular bones

5. Types of Bones There are four main types of bones Long Bones: these are longer than they are wide, consisting of a long shaft, with two bulky ends on the end. Mainly made up of compact bone, but the ends may have large amounts of spongy bone Short Bones: somewhat cube shaped, made up of spongy bone, with compact bone forming the outer layers. Flat Bones: flat, thin, and typically have a slight curve Irregular Bones: these are the bones that aren’t classified as any other type. These are mostly made up of spongy bone, but have an outer layer of compact bone

6. Avian Skeletal System (Birds) Lightweight skeleton, which consists of hollow bones (pneumatic bones). Many of the bones are fused together More neck vertebrae than any other animal Only vertebrae to have a fused clavicle (collar bone)

8. Skeletal System in Mammals Three main parts to the skeletal system Axial Skeleton-skull, spinal column, and rib cage Pectoral Limbs-front legs Pelvic Limbs- hind legs Most mammals have about 34 bones in their skull The spinal column can be divided into 5 major parts Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacral Caudal

11. Skeletal System in Fish Some fish, such as the jawless fish, lack jaws Cartilaginous fish do contain a jaw, but they do not have a skeleton made up of bone. Instead, it is made up of cartilage. Bony fish have a skeletal system made up of bones Bony fish have an operculum, which is a bony flap that covers and protects the gills Dislike in mammals, the vertebrae in fish are not linked together The number of bones differs in every type of fish

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