1. Rise of the Cattle Drive

2. Background: 1866-1886 When the Spanish settled Mexico and Texas, they brought a tough breed of cattle with them called the Long horns By 1865, these cattle had gradually spread across Texas and eventually numbered 5 million

3. Rise of the Cattle Drive Cattle ranchers could not make much money selling their cattle in Texas because there were so few people – Supply > Demand …..Lower Prices  Markets were much better in the North and East, where people wanted to buy cattle products – Supply < Demand …..Higher Prices

4. Significance of Railroads (260,000) cattle could be loaded on trains and shipped to the north and east – Cattle increased in value from $3.00  $40.00 Cow Towns- R.R. towns for marketing and shipping cattle – Abilene and Dodge City, Kansas & Cheyenne, Wyoming

6.  Branding

7. Long Drive Ranchers hired Cowboys to herd cattle 1,000 miles from Texas to the Cow Towns – CHALLENGE: Speed vs. Fat cattle “Rustlers” cattle thieves Long days (15hrs), weather Conditions, stampedes Chisholm Trail Goodnight-Loving Trail

9. Long Drive Crew: 3,000 Cattle Boss 10 Cowboys + 30 horses 1 Chuck Wagon + 1 cook Horse wranglers who took care of the Remuda, or spare horses

10. Who were the Cowboys?

11. Who were the Cowboys really? Hollywood/Country Song Real Cowboys Age: Young How did they look? – Stud, sparkling white teeth, clean shaven – Like Woody – ‘Sharp Shooter’ What was their daily lives like? – “Glamorous Lives” Out fighting Indians, lassoing cattle, saving the Damsel in Distress, singing cowboy songs at night and fighting brawls with outlaws Vaca = Cow Ranchero = Rancher Corro = Corral Mesteños = Mustangs Cocinero = Cook Age: Under 30 Inexperienced Hispanic Cattlemen “Vaqueros” Confederate Army Vets African Americans Native Americans Long Age: Under 30 How did they look? Practical clothing (never carried two guns) Scruffy/no shaving, stinky Did not own a horse Daily Activities Hard work, long hour days Paid to take care of cattle— branding, rounding them up, and shipping them off to market Rarely made it to town (2X a year) Characteristics: physical stamina, patience and courage riding and roping skills

13. End of the Cattle Kingdom 1.Boom/bust of cattle industry  rise of farmers 2.Winter of 1885 & 1886 3.Invention of barbed wire 4.More R.R. built out west

14. http://chnm.gmu.edu/7tah/unitdocs/unit13/l esson2/handout5.pdf http://www.okhistory.org/historycenter/forms /tdcattledrives.pdf