1. Starter Questions Who was the Prime Minister of New Zealand in the 1960’s? What year was Facebook founded? Who drew the Footrot Flats cartoons? What is the driving time from Cape Reinga to Bluff without stopping? What metal can often turn green?

2. Last Lessons… Sharpeville massacre 1960 Nelson Mandela Soweto Riots Steve Biko The ANC and PAC Different forms of protests Opposition from different countries to Apartheid policies

3. Today’s Aim We are learning about how sporting contact in South Africa and with the rest of the world, New Zealand in particular, impacted on their government policies of Apartheid.

4. Apartheid in Sports

5. South Africa’s Government The Springboks excluded non-white players. They ruled that any visiting sports team could not include non-white members. They said that they did not want their white- only team to play against any country that had coloured players

6. Sports in South Africa ‘We expect them to behave here - in accordance with our customs; and everyone knows what they(our customs) are.’ Prime Minister Verwoerd

7. Tour Year196019701976 Details of the tour Public Opinion to the tour NZ and International - Consequences of the Tour

8. What did this mean for New Zealand? If they were to play against South Africa-their Maori team members would be excluded from play. New Zealand rugby Union chose not to challenge this rule and do what SA wanted Maori players were excluded from the 1960 tour to SA. This was the second time this had happened.

9. Rugby Culture in NZ HUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUGE NZ was (and still is) passionate about their rugby, not wanting any thing to stop them from playing one of their greatest rivals But, people felt that if they followed SA’s rules of having a white-only rugby team, then it was like saying they were accepting of Apartheid.

10. No Maori’s, No tour Formation of the Citizens’ All Black Tour Association to lead protests against the tour. – They created a petition gaining 156,000 signatures – Anti-tour demonstrations – Even an attempt to stop the plane from taking off was made – The tour however, went ahead under the Labour Government’s approval

11. Tour Year196019701976 Details of the tour-Maori were excluded -It was the second tour this had happened. -NZ simply wanted to play their rival team Public Opinion to the tour NZ and International Some believed it made NZ look like they were advocating Apartheid -The CABTA was formed. -A petition with 156,000 signatures -Labour Government allowed the tour to go ahead -Anti-tour demonstrations Consequences of the Tour -Labour lost the upcoming election -The All Blacks lost the test series

12. 1970 Tour Under the new National Government an All Black tour to South Africa in 1968 was cancelled. South Africa panicked and moderated its policies to allow Maori players to play in the tour now set for 1970. – Maori’s were accepted as ‘Honorary Whites’

13. 1970 Tour Following the tour a complete sporting ban on South Africa was called for. – South Africa was banned from taking part in the Olympics until ‘Apartheid in sport was abandoned’ – After 1970 South Africa was totally excluded form playing cricketing test matches Protest groups continued to voice their opinions. HART (Halt All Racial Tours) became a group for all protestors. However 80% of New Zealanders supported an upcoming tour for 1973, but it was cancelled.

14. 1976 Tour National Government now back in under Robert Muldoon who authorised the 1976 tour – NZ rugby supporters were happy – NZ protestors were not happy – The rest of the Commonwealth considered whether New Zealand should be excluded – The United Nations also did not agree with New Zealand’s choices

15. Inside NZ South African rules around the colour of sports teams caused protesting all around the world NZ was torn – Some Nzers supported the tour. They were rugby followers and believed that sports and politics should not mix – Others felt that if New Zealand played against South Africa, then they were advocating the racist rules that SA had in place.