2. The main Causes of World War I M - Militarism A - Alliances I - Imperialism N - Nationalism

3. Militarism Military Power (This was a HIGH priority for governments) Keeping a large army that is always ready for war. Arms race for military technology

4. alliances Alliances – Countries that agree to work with each other and have each others backs; such as, friends.

5. Imperialism European competition for colonies Search for colonies would sometimes lead to small wars Led to rivalries and mistrust amongst the counties. Did not know who you could trust and who was not in it for your land or money.

6. Nationalism Strong Dedication to ones nation Competition and rivalry would develop between European nations for colonies and markets.

7. How long will the war last? 1914-1918

8. June 28 th 1914 The shot heard around the world. Archduke Franz Ferdinand would travel to Sarajevo and would be assassinated along with his pregnant wife.

9. Franz Ferdinand Video http://www.history.com/this-day-in- history/archduke-franz-ferdinand-assassinated http://www.history.com/this-day-in- history/archduke-franz-ferdinand-assassinated

10. The facts about franz ferdinand Archduke Franz Ferdinand was the Archduke of Austria-Hungary On June 28 th ; which was also Ferdinand’s wedding anniversary, him and his pregnant wife Sophie traveled to Sarajevo in an open car.

11. Continued… A Serbian Nationalist and member of the “Black Hand” terrorist group threw a bomb at their car. It hit their car but it bounced off and wounded a security guard. Later that day another member of the “Black Hand” terrorist group was right next to their car and fired into it with a gun hitting Franz Ferdinand and Sophie.

12. How would the war start? Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia. Why? Serbian terrorist group just assassinated their Archduke and his pregnant wife. Alliances will start to form!

13. Alliances throughout the entire war!!! Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. Russia will declare war on Austria-Hungary since they are friends with Serbia. Germany will declare war on Russia since Germany is friends with Austria- Hungary. France will jump in and joins with Russia since they have an alliance. Germany will declare war on France. England will Declare war on Germany and Austria Hungary after Germany crosses into Belgium after being warned not to since they are neutral. England has an alliance with Belgium

14. Alliances Triple Alliance Triple Entente Germany Austria-Hungary Italy England France Russia Serbia

16. Technology Game

17. WHAT IS THAT????? Let’s see who can figure out what each picture is!!!

19. Camera man Up until 1916, taking photographs on the front line was banned in case they helped the enemy to find out secrets. From 1916, British official photographers were appointed by the army to take photographs and moving film on the front line.

21. Tank! Britain used tanks in battle for the first time on 15 September 1916. By the summer of 1918 they were commonly used on the front line. Britain produced around 2,600 tanks during World War One.

23. Morse code signal A man, or group of men, would be based at a signal post close to the front line. They would use a light signal; a light or mirror which was held up to send messages in Morse code back to base. The men operating signaling posts would watch the battle and report what they saw.

25. Airplane Airplanes were very recent inventions when World War One broke out. As aircraft technology developed, planes became very important to the war. France only had 140 aircraft when war began but by the end of it, they had used around 4,500.

27. Conflicts which took place on the sea were known as naval battles. These mainly took place in the North Sea (between Great Britain and the rest of Western Europe) and the Atlantic. There were also battles in the Black Sea, Baltic Sea and the Mediterranean Sea.

29. Pistol The pistol was a small hand-held gun. They were strong and powerful weapons. Unlike rifles, pistols were compact and suited the cramped conditions found in trenches, tanks and planes.

31. Field Guns Field guns fired shells that exploded when they hit something. They were large and complicated weapons to operate. They could fire shells as far as seven kilometers and had to be placed on a flat surface. It was often difficult to find a good position for the guns because the battle field was uneven and muddy. Each field gun needed a team of between four and six men to operate them.

33. Shrapnel Shells & Grenades Shrapnel shells contained lots of little bits of metal or bullets which were fired out at great speed when the shell burst. Shrapnel could inflict great damage to people, animals and equipment. Grenades (a small bomb thrown by hand) were used to clear dug- outs and were also thrown into trenches. Most grenades had a delay of five or five-and-a-half seconds before they exploded.

35. Gas Mask / Poisonous gas Poisonous gas was used as a weapon in WW1. Gas could affect a person's sight and breathing in just a few minutes so protective masks were given to all soldiers. As shown in the photograph, many working horses and mules also wore gas masks. These were specially designed for them during the war.

37. Telephone This was a telephone used by soldiers to communicate between trenches. It had a keypad for tapping out Morse code and a handset. Trench phones also had a second earpiece so another soldier could listen to the conversation

39. Rifle Almost every soldier had his own rifle. It could fire 15 rounds in under a minute and reach a target over a 1,000 meters away. Sometimes a bayonet (a sword-like blade) was fixed to rifles and used for one-on-one fighting. Some soldiers also used their bayonet to open tin cans and scrape mud off their boots.

41. Machine Gun Machine guns were very big and heavy and needed up to six people to operate them. They were placed all along the Western Front. Machine guns fired up to 600 bullets in a minute and were very dangerous. Many soldiers dreaded the enemy soldiers who operated machine guns more than anyone else.

43. Trench Warfare Trench warfare, warfare in which opposing armed forces attack, counterattack, and defend from relatively permanent systems of trenches dug into the ground. The opposing systems of trenches are usually close to one another. Trench warfare is resorted to when the superior firepower of the defense compels the opposing forces to “dig in” so extensively as to sacrifice their mobility in order to gain protection. Trenches started before the American Civil War (1861-1865), but did not reach its peak until World War I (1914-1918).

44. WHEN WAS THAT Invented? Put the “technology” in order of which one was used first in World War I. First team to get it gets a prize

45. 1. Rifle (15 th Century) 2. Grenade (1540) 3. Submarine (1580) 4. Pistol (16 th Century) 5. Trench Warfare 6. Morse Code (1836) 7. Camera (1860) 8. Telephone (1860) 9. Machine Gun (1884) 10. Tank (1904) 11. Plane (1904) 12. Field Gun (1914) 13. Poisonous Gas (1917)

46. Which do you think Technologies were most used?

47. If you were fighting in the war… Which would you want to have / use??? You can only choose one!!!

48. Which invention is the most important to the war?

50. What kinds of weapons / technology will be used? Trench Warfare Machine Guns Poison Gas Submarine Airplane Tank

51. Why will these weapons be used now? Industrial Revolution!!!!

59. How will these new technologies change war? More Dangerous More places to fight More areas to conquer? Oceans Air Space

62. Combat during the war