1. 1 SOCIAL CLUB OF PEOPLE’S EMPOWERMENT-SCOPE Understanding Development NGOs ZAFAR IQBAL Zi_agr@yahoo.com

2. 2 History of Social Development History of Social Development  Pre-partition of the sub-continent, Mr. FL Brane initiated “DEHAT SODHAR” program in India.  After the independence, “Village Agriculture & Industrial Development Program was introduced in Pakistan in 1953.  By late 60s Comilla project of rural development in Bangladesh (The East Pakistan) was the first initiative of decentralization strategy.  In 1970 the Govt. of that time started two integrated rural development project Daudzai of NWFP and Shadab of Punjab Daudzai was on the lines of Comilla approach.  Integrated Rural Development Program (1972 –1978)  Rural Development Program (1978-88)  In 1981, the concept of formal formers organizational was introduced in the irrigated agriculture through a piece of legislation known as the water users Association. Ordinance 1981, in all the form provinces which relieved funds for renovation of water covers from the provincial Government and the maintenance was carried out by the WUA. SOCIAL CLUB OF PEOPLE’S EMPOWERMENT-SCOPE

3. 3 History of Social Development History of Social Development  In 1982, Aga Khan Rural Support Program started in the Northern Area of Pakistan as first NGP initiatives. It also tried the idea of organizing small farmers with a broad bases village organization for multi sectoral activities. The organization were involved in the identification, implementation and maintenance of income generating activities and were expected to be developed into sustainable village development institutions. The program was successfully demonstrated and is now being replicated by government supported NGOs and many bi-lateral program through out the country. Today people organization is an integral component of many development program in Pakistan and participation development is practiced both by the Government and Non-Government Organization.  Change in Approaches to Rural Development (1988) SOCIAL CLUB OF PEOPLE’S EMPOWERMENT-SCOPE

4. 4 NGDOs (Models of Participatory Development) NGDOs (Models of Participatory Development) Participation  Participation is defined as a voluntary process by which people including the dis-advantaged, influence or control the decisions that affect them. There is no ideal level of participation. It varies from time to time and based on interest and needs. Information sharing decision making, consultation and self initiated actions are the different levels of participation.  From Situational Analysis to the Solution and evaluation SOCIAL CLUB OF PEOPLE’S EMPOWERMENT-SCOPE

5. 5 Why participation Why participation There are four major objectives to which people participation contributes Effectiveness: It is the degree between what people want and a project can offer. Stakeholder ownership and control of the project ensure effectiveness of project. Economy: Most of the activities or either un-economical or impossible for an implementing agency with out peoples participation such as maintenance of development activities. SOCIAL CLUB OF PEOPLE’S EMPOWERMENT-SCOPE

6. 6 Why participation ---2 Equity: The benefits of a development program always tend to be captured by the influential. The beneficiaries participation promotes transparency and accountability in the system and the reduces the channels of capturing and hijacking and ensure equitable distribution of benefits. Empowerment: Acquiring leadership, sharing of power control, resources and capacity building of individuals groups to take hold of their own development is the empowerment under the concept of development administration. SOCIAL CLUB OF PEOPLE’S EMPOWERMENT-SCOPE

7. 7 Principals of Participatory Development  The Primacy of People  Ownership  Peoples knowledge and skills must be seen as potentially positive contribution  People participation must empower women  Autonomy as oppose to control  Local actions as oppose to local response SOCIAL CLUB OF PEOPLE’S EMPOWERMENT-SCOPE

8. 8 Outcomes of Participatory Development  Reduced cost and increased efficiency  Economies of scale  Higher Productivity  Building of Community Organizations  Sustainability SOCIAL CLUB OF PEOPLE’S EMPOWERMENT-SCOPE

9. 9 NGDOs  Community based organizations – CBO  Civil Society Organization  Rural Support Programs – RSPs  Capacity building Organizations  Support Organizations  Advocacy Organization  Policy Research Institutes  International Organizations – INGOS  Donors SOCIAL CLUB OF PEOPLE’S EMPOWERMENT-SCOPE

10. 10 Thanks SOCIAL CLUB OF PEOPLE’S EMPOWERMENT-SCOPE