1. 1 Energy Flow Through an Ecosystem Food Chains, Food Webs, Energy Pyramids copyright cmassengale

2. What does the arrow represent? copyright cmassengale2

3. The fusion of two hydroge n atoms to form helium copyright cmassengale3

4. Food Chains copyright cmassengale4 Producer AKA: Autotroph Primary Consumer Herbivore or omnivore Secondary Consumer Omnivore, carnivore, or detrivore Tertiary Consumer carnivore, detrivore, decomposer

5. What does the arrow represent? Where does that energy come from? Now draw your food chain in the form of a pyramid? Why do we draw the flow of energy in a pyramid? What happens when the energy as it moves up the food chain? Why do you think this energy is lost? This is called the 10% rule copyright cmassengale5

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7. Ecological Pyramid A model that shows the energy flow through an ecosystem.

8. copyright cmassengale8

9. Ecosystem Productivity Gross primary productivity vs. Net primary productivity (GPP- energy used for respiration) Producers typically only capture 1% of available solar energy. What is the energy they capture called? GPP or NPP? What is the energy left after respiration called? copyright cmassengale9

10. Let’s look at the numbers copyright cmassengale10 1% of the Sun Energy is captured 60% of the original energy from the sun is used for cellular respiration 40% is used for growth and development And Passed on if eaten This energy is called ECOLOGICAL EFFICIENCY

11. Ecological Pyramids of Energy 45,000 Kcal are available by the producers in a pond ecosystem. How many Kcal are available to the alligator, a quaternary consumer? Hypothetically speaking, 2,000,000 Kcal are available from the sun to be transformed by the plants. How many Kcal are actually transformed by the plants?

12. What factors could/would effect NPP? Which of the following biomes would you assume to have the highest NPP? A. Tundra B. desert C. Savanna D. Tropical rain forest copyright cmassengale12

13. The other pyramids… copyright cmassengale13

14. The figures represent number of individuals counted at each trophic level. Ecological Pyramids of Numbers

15. What do you notice about this pyramid of numbers? Note: There's only one oak tree, but lots of caterpillars indicated by the shape of the pyramid

16. Pyramid of Numbers What am I? This pyramid represents the same data. It does NOT show the total number of organisms though.

17. Pyramid of Numbers What am I? This pyramid represents the same data. It does NOT show the total number of organisms though. This is a pyramid of BIOMASS!!

18. Ecological Pyramids of Biomass

19. The total dry weight of organisms in a particular trophic level is referenced as biomass. Ecological Pyramids of Biomass BIOMASS = # of organisms x the weight of an average individual

20. Ecological Pyramids of Biomass Ecologists estimate that there are 2500 ants in the average ant pile. If each ant weights.2 grams, what is the biomass of the ants in the ant pile? Another ecologist determined that there are on average 5 hawks in every one acre in Southlake. The mass of a single hawk is about 650 grams. What is the biomass of the hawk in that acre?

21. 21 Identify the Producers, Consumers, & Decomposers: Count the Food Chains! copyright cmassengale