1. International Student Education: Cost vs. Benefit Barbara Doty Bryan Beverly EAD 805

2. Background US international student population: 582,984 international students in 2006-07 3.9% of total student population Most are Graduate students seeking academic credentials Majority are from Asia- India- 83,833 China- 75,445

3. Administrative Challenge Balancing the costs of recruiting and educating international students with the economic impact for the university and the community

4. Institutional Benefits of International Student Education Diverse student body Cultural competency and exchange Research labor

5. International Fundraising/Donations Campaign for MSU 07/1999-10/2007 Avg.annual giving MSU Alum 10,624,392 1,328,049 Friend 10,923,024 1,365,378 Corporation 621,663 77,708 Corporate Foundation250,297 31,287 Private Foundation 2,673,049 334,131 Group 4,221 528 Association 2,502,550 312,819 Other Organization 38,291 4,786 TOTAL $27,637,487 $3,454,686 Total for Faculty/Staff $374,641 $46,830 – (included in above totals) The numbers above cover the period of the last MSU Capital Campaign

6. Primary Source of Funding 2007/2008 International Students Personal and family 388,821 US College or Universities 161,633 Home Government/University 21,085 US Government 3,282 US Private Sponsor 6,013 Foreign Private Sponsor 6,522 International Organizations 1,390 Current Employment 29,399 Others Sources 5,660 TOTAL 623,805 Open Doors 2008: Report on International Education Exchange Table 15: http://opendoors.iienetwork.org/?p=131536http://opendoors.iienetwork.org/?p=131536

7. ‘International Students contribute to America’s balance of payments because of money they bring with them from abroad’ The argument is flawed: – 1. Calculations ignore the subsidies to higher education coming from US tax dollars and endowment funds – 2. Calculations use highly questionable data techniques – 3. Stronger studies show international students make a heavy use of US funds to support graduate education -David North, former Assistant to the U.S. Secretary of Labor

8. Graduate Assistantships @ MSU Over 3,000 total assistantships on campus 30% of all G. A.’s are held by International students Tuition, matriculation, & energy fees waived Stipends exempt from Social Security

9. Michigan State University 2008-09 Tuition UndergraduateGraduate Resident/In-State$3,265.75$ 10,264 Non-Resident/ - $11,766.00$25,772 International 2007-08 Academic Year Enrollment: 3,869 international students from 134 countries The ten top sources of international students are: South Korea (907), China (787), India (393), Taiwan (233), Canada (136), Japan (131), Turkey (74), Hong Kong (66), Thailand (54), and Saudi Arabia (53). International students comprise 8.4% of total enrollment

10. Oregon State University 2008-09 Tuition and Fees Undergraduate Graduate Resident $ 6,123 $10,962 Nonresident /$18,864 $16,845 International 2007-08 Academic Year Enrollment 950 international students from 90 different countries.

11. University of Arkansas 2008-09 Tuition and Fees (Assessed per credit hour of enrollment) Resident Undergraduate$167.00 Non-ResidentInternational Undergraduate$462.91 Resident Graduate$294.68 Non-ResidentInternational Graduate$697.14 Academic Year 2007-08 Enrollment 1040 International Students From 115 countries

12. Support Programs English as a Second Language International/ Cultural Orientations Arrival Assistance Immigration Matters International Student Employment TOEFL Prep EFL Teacher training

13. Economic Impact United States(total # of Foreign Students: 582,984) -$14.5 Billion during Academic year 2006-07 Contribution from Living Expenses: $10,438,000,000 Contribution from Tuition and Fees to U.S. Economy: $9,929,000,000 Total Contribution by Foreign Students: $20,366,000,000 - Less U.S. Support of $6,280,000,000 Net Contribution to U.S. Economy by Foreign Students and their Families: $14,499,000,000

14. Economic Impact Michigan: FOREIGN STUDENTS IN THE STATE22,857 (up 8.1%) ESTIMATED FOREIGN STUDENTS EXPENDITURE IN THE STATE$525.5 millions MSU- local $92 million

15. Economic Impact Arkansas FOREIGN STUDENTS IN THE STATE3,316 (up 14.4%) ESTIMATED FOREIGN STUDENTS EXPENDITURE IN THE STATE$66.4 million

16. Economic Impact Oregon FOREIGN STUDENTS IN THE STATE6,154 (up 6.7%) ESTIMATED FOREIGN STUDENTS EXPENDITURE IN THE STATE$158.7 million

17. Foreign Student Contribution from Tuition/Fees and Living Expenses (2006-07) Tuition and Fees Living Expenses Less U.S. Support Total Contribution and Dependents Arkansas $33.1 $42.7 $20.8 $54.9 Michigan $362.8 $333.1 $224.3 $471.6 Oregon $93.2 $104.3 $52.3 $145.3 (In Millions) from NAFSA

18. Suggested Action Eliminate tuition waiver for International students Reduce the waiver to a partial waiver for those who are financially needy Increase standards for proof of ability to pay educational costs to 4 years Reduce the number of tuition free credits available per semester for international students Seek out corporate funding to offset governmental contributions to international scholarships and aid

19. Works Cited Michigan State University,2008,www.msu.edu International Studies and Programs Oregon State University, 2008. www.oregonstate.edu. International Students & Scholarswww.oregonstate.edu University of Arkansas, 2008. www.uark.edu. International Programswww.uark.edu Association of International Educators, 2007. The Economic Benefits if International Education to the United States for the 2006-7 Academic Year: A Statistical Analysis. http://www.nafsa.orghttp://www.nafsa.org North, David, 2008. “Who pays? Foreign students do not help with the balance of payments”, Center for Immigration Studies. www.cis.orgwww.cis.org Moser, Kate, 2008. “New model for recruitment of foreign students sparks debate”, The Chronicle for Higher Education. Washington. June 27, p.A24 Anonymous, 2008. ”New Survey suggests continued growth in international student enrollments at US colleges and universities”, PR Newswire. New York, November 17 Hengel, Mark,2008. “International Students Aid Economy”, Arkansas Business. Little Rock, Aug 18 p. 1