1. Home Health Care and Assisted Living John Stankovic, Sang Son, Kamin Whitehouse A.Wood, Z. He, Y. Wu, T. Hnat, S. Lin, V. Srinivasan AlarmNet is a wireless sensor network (WSN) system for smart health-care that opens up new opportunities for continuous health monitoring in assisted-living or residential facilities. It provides real-time (24/7) access to physiological and environmental data, tracks long-term changes in behavioral patterns, and allows ad hoc deployment in existing structures. Results demonstrate a strong potential for improved quality of medical care. A PDA displays patient vitals and facility status in real-time. In the back-end of the system, a medical application monitors the Circadian Activity Rhythms (CAR) to extract activity patterns and detect behavioral anomalies. A body network records activities such as walking, eating and stillness using five 2- axis accelerometers embedded in a jacket. A GPS tracks outdoor location. Wireless Sensor Networks Technology. Heterogeneous power management depending on the patterns of the resident, topology management, reliable routing, network arbitration, data aggregation. Dynamic Privacy. The system monitors and collects patient data, subject to privacy policies, depending on the current behavioral status of the resident, and detected anomalies. Security. Security mechanisms are present throughout the system. Data association. To know who is doing what in a system where biometric identification is not always accessible and where multiple persons may be present in the same place at the same time. Data fusion. Back-end software programs to analyze autonomy, behavior and health status of each resident. Emplaced Sensor Network. Wireless devices deployed in the assisted-living or residential environment (rooms, furniture, appliances) connected to a backbone network and database. Back-end Databases. Back-end databases are located at the control center for long-term archiving, monitoring, and data mining for longitudinal studies. Improve Quality of Life Patient Autonomy and Comfort Cognitive Assistance Nutrition and Hygiene Monitoring Improve Health Care Disease Specific Monitoring Monitor Compliance with Treatment Smart Clothes - unobtrusive Resident Health Remote Monitoring Real-time and wireless (24/7) Long-term for longitudinal studies Climate Monitoring Environmental conditions control Pollution detection Security Detection of at-risk medical situations Alert triggering Privacy Variable depending on medical situation Medical Automation Research Center Bed sensor. Uses an unobtrusive air bladder to record respiration and heart rates while resident is sleeping. Backbone. Connects traditional systems, such as PDAs, PCs, and in-network databases, to the emplaced sensor network. Nodes possess significant storage and computation capability, for query processing and location services. Manages background queries and protects real-time queries with privacy policies. Backbone nodes Motes (emplaced WSN) Motion sensors Video cameras Pills Indoor temperature and light sensors MTS-310 (Crossbow) Wearable Body Networks. Collect continuous physiological data targeted to a particular medical condition. Data are transmitted securely in networks, and are subject to privacy policies. Wearable displays present reminders, alerts, and current sensor data to patients or technicians. Wearable pulse and oximetry sensor Micro-ECG Harvard University Body scale Motion sensors. Located in each room to track resident locations. Blood pressure and heart rate sensor Department of Computer Science, University of Virginia