1. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 1

2. Information Retention: a Database Perspective Kevin Jernigan Senior Director Oracle Database Performance Product Management

3. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 3 The following is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended for information purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions. The development, release, and timing of any features or functionality described for Oracle’s products remains at the sole discretion of Oracle.

4. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 4 Agenda  What is Oracle Database?  SecureFiles  Database File System – DBFS  Information Retention and Oracle Database

5. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 5 What is Information Retention?  Keep information available and find-able – Structured: databases – Semi- and un-structured: documents  What about: – Bit rot – Format changes – Software and hardware changes

6. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 6 What is Oracle Database?  A Relational Database Management System – RDBMS – With 30+ years of innovations – With dozens of world record audited performance benchmarks  Store and manage more than “just” structured data – XML – DICOM – RDF / OWL / SPARQL – Spatial / Graph – etc

7. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 7 Oracle Database Features Related to Retention  Partitioning & Compression: storage tiering & ILM  SecureFiles & DBFS: semi- and un-structured data  Flashback Data Archive & CQN: events / streams & history

8. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 8 Oracle Database Partitioning & Compression  Partitioning – Transparently split up data in tables – Improves query performance AND admin flexibility  Compression – Advanced Compression – Advanced LOB Compression & Deduplication

9. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 9  Compress data partitions/tables – OLTP and DW  Compress unstructured data – Compression and deduplication  Compress backups – Faster RMAN compression – Data Pump compression  Compress Data Guard Redo log transport – Network compression  Securely store historic data – Flashback Data Archive now part of Advanced Compression (in 11g) Advanced Compression Option Minimizes database storage, improves performance Active Less Active Less Active Historical Oracle Database Enterprise Edition Partitioning Option Partitioning Option Advanced Compression Advanced Compression 2x to 4x Compression Typical 9 Flashback Data Archive Flashback Data Archive

10. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 10 Oracle Database Partitioning & Compression  Partitioning – Transparently split up data in tables – Improves query performance AND admin flexibility  Compression – Advanced Compression – Advanced LOB Compression & Deduplication – Hybrid Columnar Compression – Exadata, ZFSSA, Pillar Axiom

11. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 11 About Hybrid Columnar Compression Hybrid Columnar Compressed Tables –Compressed tables can be modified using conventional DML operations –Useful for data that is bulk loaded and queried How it Works –Tables are organized into Compression Units (CUs) CUs are multiple database blocks –Within Compression Unit, data is organized by column instead of by row Column organization brings similar values close together, enhancing compression Compression Unit Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 10x to 15x Reduction Column 4 Column 5

12. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 12 Oracle Database Partitioning & Compression  Partitioning – Transparently split up data in tables – Improves query performance AND admin flexibility  Compression – Advanced Compression – Advanced LOB Compression & Deduplication – Hybrid Columnar Compression – Exadata, ZFSSA, Pillar Axiom  Partitioning + Compression = Information Lifecycle Management (ILM) – Keep more data in database for longer, with better performance

13. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 13 Oracle Database ILM As data ages: –Activity declines –Volume grows –Older data primarily for reporting This Quarter This Year Prior Years OLTP Reporting Compliance & Reporting Row Store for fast OLTP Compressed Column Store for fast analytics 10x compressed 15x compressed As data cools down, convert data to columnar compressed Archive Compressed Column Store for max compression

14. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 14 Oracle Database: SecureFiles  SecureFiles gives file system performance for files in the database  Introduced with Oracle Database 11g Release 1  Similar to LOBs but much faster, and with more capabilities – Transparent encryption (with Advanced Security Option) – Compression, deduplication (with Advanced Compression Option) – Extends the security, reliability, and scalability of database to files – Superset of LOB interfaces allows easy migration from LOBs  Enables consolidation of file data with associated relational data – Single security model – Single view of data – Single management of data Consolidated Secure Management of Data

15. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 15 SecureFiles Performance & Scalability on Exadata  Small Documents: Extremely High Throughput – Load at 200 Million docs/hr, Read at 780 Million docs/hr  Large Multimedia: Extremely High Bandwidth – Load at 4 GB/s and Read at 8 GB/s

16. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 16 Oracle Database DBFS  DBFS – Database File System – Make Oracle Database behave like a file server – Access to files inside the database is now same as file system access – Performance and scalability: 1 billion file test

17. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 17 Database-Enabling File-Based Tools  DBFS allows access to files in the db using file system interfaces – File operations translated into SQL operations – Directories and path names are derived from key columns in tables – Enables access by existing file-based tools /Customers /Lucas /…….. /Contract /Photo Path Names, Directories DBFS Server in DB Select Contract from Customers where Name = ‘Lucas’ Acrobat Reader ID#NameAddressContractPhoto 23Lucas ….. Customers Table SQL Access DBFS Client Network

18. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 18 DBFS SecureFiles Store  DBFS: stand-alone file systems in the database – Directory information stored in tables – Files stored in SecureFiles LOBs  Used for operational application files such as ETL files, reports, etc. that are not in application tables – Provides unified data and file backup, DR, management /ETL /Monday.dat /…….. DBFS Server in DB ETL Tool Inode#OwnerFilePath 3768Lucas /ETL/Monday.dat DBFS Client Network DBFS SecureFiles Store

19. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 19 Oracle DBFS HSM  DBFS Hierarchical Storage Management – Transparently migrate a SecureFiles LOB to tape or cloud – Replace the LOB in the database with a DBFS Link – DBFS Link looks like the LOB to applications and users  Slower “time to first byte”

20. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 20 DBFS HSM Store  A DBFS HSM store allows archiving files to tape  Application migrates older files to HSM store (e.g. old invoices) – A DBFS Link replaces the LOB, LOB reads on links are transparent – A LOB can be easily migrated back to the table for updates  HSM store: disk staging area for storing recently accessed files – Seldom accessed files are migrated to tape, brought back on reference Order#CustomerYearInvoice 1234Lucas2003 Sales Table /HSM /Old_Invoices /…….. /Invoice_1234 “/HSM/Old_Invoices/Invoice_1234” DBFS Link LRU Tape

21. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 21 Oracle DBFS HSM  DBFS Hierarchical Storage Management – Transparently migrate a SecureFiles LOB to tape or cloud – Replace the LOB in the database with a DBFS Link – DBFS Link looks like the LOB to applications and users  Slower “time to first byte”  SecureFiles + DBFS + DBFS HSM – Keep metadata in Oracle Database – Store most files offline, but still part of the database

22. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 22 Oracle Database Flashback Data Archive & CQN  Flashback Data Archive – FDA – Transparently store history of changes – Automatically delete data that is older than specified retention period – Works with structured AND unstructured – SecureFiles – data – Beginnings of integrated transparent provenance  CQN – Continuous Query Notification – Register SQL – actually CQL – queries in database – Each registration includes notification method / code – Fully contextual event processing – Combine with FDA and SecureFiles

23. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 23 Rich Capabilities Inherited from DB DBFS CapabilityProvided By Compression, Deduplication, EncryptionSecureFiles Crash ToleranceAtomic transactions, Logging Mirroring, Striping, Online Add StorageASM Disaster Recovery, Readable Remote MirrorData Guard Consistent BackupRMAN, Hot backup Multi-Node Scalability, Transparent FailoverRAC Impromptu SnapshotsConsistent Read Restore to Point in TimeFlashback, Media Recovery Retention / ComplianceTotal Recall Network SecuritySSL

24. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 24 Build your own “file system”  Similar to how databases allow you to create a data model & an application, you can now build your own file system – Innovate and create new value by creating a file system interface  Database developers can now write a robust file system: No need to be a OS kernel developer or debug kernel crashes  Create a file system interface to data stored in relational tables: Like a “file system view” for an existing database application  Write a file system in Java, SQL/PL/SQL – Or any other language using callouts  Build your application-integrated file system in less than a day – Writing a basic read only file system view on the LOBs that are currently in your database application in 60 seconds!

25. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 25 A file system: 100 lines of PL/SQL procedure getPath( store_name in varchar2, path in varchar2, properties in out nocopy dbms_dbfs_content_properties_t, amount in out number, offset in number, buffer out nocopy raw, prop_flags in integer, ctx in dbms_dbfs_content_context_t) is content blob; guid number; begin if (path = '/') then raise dbms_dbfs_content.unsupported_operation; end if; select t.data into content from sys.tbfst t where ('/' || t.key) = path; select ora_hash(path) into guid from dual; dbms_lob.read(content, amount, offset, buffer); properties := dbms_dbfs_content_properties_t( dbms_dbfs_content_property_t( 'std:length', to_char(dbms_lob.getlength(content)), dbms_types.TYPECODE_NUMBER), dbms_dbfs_content_property_t( 'std:guid', to_char(guid), dbms_types.TYPECODE_NUMBER)); end; create table tbfst( key varchar2(256) primary key check (instr(key, '/') = 0), data blob) tablespace users lob(data) store as securefile (tablespace users); grant select on tbfst to dbfs_role; grant insert on tbfst to dbfs_role; grant delete on tbfst to dbfs_role; grant update on tbfst to dbfs_role; function list( store_name in varchar2, path in varchar2, filter in varchar2, recurse in integer, ctx in dbms_dbfs_content_context_t) return dbms_dbfs_content_list_items_t pipelined is begin for rws in (select * from sys.tbfst) loop pipe row(dbms_dbfs_content_list_item_t( '/' || rws.key, rws.key, dbms_dbfs_content.type_file)); end loop; end;

26. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 26 Files in the Database Reinvented File Capabilities – File System Interface – High Performance – Compression – Encryption – Deduplication – HSM Database Capabilities – Transactions – Query Consistency – Advanced Backup and Recovery – Powerful Security – Flashback – Scale up and out  Files are an integral part of modern database applications – Product images, contracts, XML, ETL files, manuals, etc.  Applications developers want to store business data files in the database to benefit from transactional consistency, and unify HA and Security – Poor performance, limited functionality, and lack of access by existing file based tools have held them back  Oracle Database 11g reinvents files in the database  SecureFiles provides super fast and powerful file storage – Removes performance barrier to storing files in the database  DBFS provides a file system interface to files in the DB – Enables existing file based tools to easily access DB files

27. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 27 Oracle Database and Information Retention  Keep metadata and files together in Oracle Database – Unified backups – Unified security model – ILM and HSM – Leverage other database features  Application developer agility – Much less work to implement content management applications – Just like SQL and RDBMS’s, reduces the amount of “wheel reinvention”

28. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 28

29. Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 29