1. Last of the Romanov Czars Lenin & The Bolsheviks Stalin & Totalitarianism

2. Causes of the Russian Revolution

3. Causes of Russian Revolution

4. The March Revolution 1917

5. *Leaders of the Duma (parliament) set up provisional government=temporary gov’t *situation worsened in throughout country -soviets: local councils made up of workers, peasants, & soldiers and have more power than provisional government Vladimir Lenin returns from exile and begins new revolution as leader of the Bolsheviks -slogan: “peace, land, and bread”

6. *provisional gov’t overthrown by Bolshevik Red Guards, Lenin takes power *Lenin’s immediate actions -distribute all farmland amongst the peasants -give control of factories to workers -March 1918 sign treaty with Germany to end war, give up large territory to Germany *Anti-Bolsheviks -object to murder of the royal family, surrender of territory to Germany, socialist policies -Bolsheviks try to crush these enemies

7. *1918-1920 *White Army is divided -some want czar to return, others want democratic gov’t, others want socialism but not Lenin’s kind *Red Army expert leader: Leon Trotsky *14 million die from civil war and famine *Russia is left in chaos and Red Army crushes all opposition

8. *Economy is a disaster, Lenin has plans to fix things *NEP: New Economic Policy -peasants can sell their surplus crops instead of giving them to gov’t -gov’t controlled banks, major industries, and communication -some small factories, businesses and farms could be privately owned -welcome foreign investment *Economy recovers in a few years

9. *Lenin organizes Russia into self-governing republics to keep people under control -USSR=Union of Soviet Socialist Republics *Bolsheviks rename themselves the Communist Party (communism=Marx classless society after workers seized power) *Communist Party has total control over Russia *Marx wanted “dictatorship of the proletariat” *Lenin creates “dictatorship of the Communist Party” *Lenin dies 1924, Stalin takes power…OH NO!