Offer Versus Serve: Breakfast

Offer Versus Serve: Breakfast
August 28, 2014 Welcome and thank you for attending today’s webinar on Offer versus Serve for breakfast. I hope you were here for our webinar on OVS for lunch on July 30th. If you missed it, it is available on the website listed at the bottom of the following slides. All participants’ lines are muted. We will not be taking any verbal questions during today’s Webinar. However, you may type in your questions by selecting the “Q&A” Tab at the right of the screen, type in your question, and then hit enter. This will allow us to capture your questions even if we are unable to answer them all today. All material for today’s webinar is available for download. This includes the PowerPoint and the new Offer versus Serve Guidance for the National School Lunch Program and the School Breakfast Program released August 1st , the recent USDA Q’s and A’s on the School Breakfast Program Meal Pattern in SY USDA released a revised Q’s and A’s on the Nutrition Standards for NSLP and the SBP on August 4th, SP , version 8 and we have included the Breakfast Meal Pattern and the Timeline for changes in the meal patterns.

OVS: Breakfast http://cns.ucdavis.edu
Brought to You By: This webinar is brought to you by the California Department of Education, Nutrition Services Division and the Center for Nutrition in Schools at the University of California , Davis, which is a part of the California Professional Nutrition Education and Training Center system, also referred to as Cal-Pro-Net. My name is Peggy Stevenson. I am the retired director of Nutrition Services at Antioch Unified School District. I worked for 38 years as a supervisor and director in child nutrition programs. I served as the lead developer for this webinar. The project manager from CDE is Julie Boarer-Pitchford, Nutrition Education Consultant with the Nutrition Services Division. The project manager from the Center for Nutrition in Schools is Marilyn Briggs, Co-Director for the Center. OVS: Breakfast

Outline of the Webinar 1 Background on OVS 2 Definitions 3 General rules The webinar will follow this sequence. First we will briefly go over the background and some of the definitions used in OVS. Then we will cover the general rules for OVS. After that, we will go through the rules and regulations for OVS for breakfast. We will practice recognizing a reimbursable OVS breakfast for different grade groups and end with questions and answers as time allows. 4 Rules and regulations for OVS breakfast 5 Recognizing reimbursable OVS breakfast OVS: Breakfast

Offer versus Serve Background
Established for Lunch in 1975 Established for Breakfast in 1985 Offer versus Serve for lunch was established for senior high schools in 1975 in the Richard B Russell National School Lunch Act. It was so successful that it was expanded to middle and junior highs in 1977 and to elementary schools in 1981. It was extended to the School Breakfast Program in 1985. The regulations on OVS for lunch and breakfast are found in the federal regulations indicated on the slide. Section 9(a)(3) of the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act Regulations in 7 CFR (e) Section 4(e)(2) of the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 Regulations in 7 CFR 220.8(e) OVS: Breakfast

Definitions 1 Offer versus Service (OVS) 2 Food component 3 Food item Before we begin to discuss Offer versus Serve, let’s review the definitions for these terms that we will be using: Offer versus Serve Food Component Food Item Grade Groups and Reimbursable breakfast 4 Grade groups 5 Reimbursable breakfast OVS: Breakfast

Offer versus Serve May reduce food waste
Permits students to choose foods to eat Allows students to decline some of the food offered Offer versus Serve is a concept that applies to menu planning, food purchasing, food production, and meal service. Students are allowed to decline some of the food offered, based on different rules for lunch and breakfast. One of the goals of OVS is to reduce food waste by permitting students to choose the foods that they will eat. Next, we will look at the definition of food components and food items. Food component means the same thing at lunch and breakfast, but food item is used for Offer versus Serve at breakfast only. OVS: Breakfast

Food Component One of five food groups that comprise reimbursable lunches Meat/Meat Alternate (M/MA) Vegetables (V). Milk Grains (G) Fruits (F) Menus for lunch and breakfast are planned based upon food components. The five food components for lunch are the five food groups comprising M/MA, G, V, F, and fluid Milk. Offer versus Serve for lunch is based on the selection of three or more of these five food components in the correct quantity for the grade group, including the requirement to select ½ cup of F, V, or a combination of both, which was effective July 1, 2012. OVS: Breakfast

Food Component One of three food groups that comprise reimbursable breakfasts Milk Grains (G) Fruits (F) For breakfast, there are just three required food components, G, F, and fluid Milk. Offer versus Serve at breakfast is not based on the selection of three food components, with the exception that starting July 1, 2014 students are required to select ½ cup of F or V, or a combination of both, at breakfast as well as at lunch. OVS: Breakfast

Food Item The term Food Item is used for breakfast only A specific food offered within the three food components For OVS, meets the required minimum serving size Offer versus Serve at breakfast is based on selecting food items. What is a food item? The term food item is used by USDA for both lunch and breakfast which creates confusion. In California we use the term menu item at lunch and the term food item only at breakfast. At breakfast, a food item refers to a specific size serving of a food component, defined as 1 oz eq G, ½ cup F, or 8 fluid ounces of milk. There are, however, exceptions to how a menu planner counts a food item which we will cover. For OVS, the menu planner must offer at least four food items and the student must select at least three food items, one of which must be ½ cup fruit or equivalent, in order to have a reimbursable meal. OVS: Breakfast

Food Item Examples Grains 2 oz. Muffin or ½ slice Toast + 1 oz. Mini Muffin = 1 oz eq Grain = 1 Food Item Fruits Orange ( ½ cup) or ¼ cup apple wedges + ¼ cup grapes = ½ cup Fruit Milk 8 oz fluid Milk Or 4 fl oz beverage + 4 fl oz in cereal = 1 cup =1 Food Item The food item may be all in one menu item or it could be in more than one menu item. The examples for grains are a 1 oz eq grains muffin and a combination of muffin and toast with ½ oz eq grains each. The minimum contribution of a menu item to the grains or meat/meat alternate substituting as a grain is ¼ oz eq. For the fruits, the examples are an orange which contributes ½ cup of fruit or apple wedges and grapes, each contributing ¼ cup. The minimum contribution of a menu item to the fruits or vegetables substituting as a fruit is 1/8 cup. A salad bar for breakfast with several different fruits or vegetables, each contributing 1/8 cup, could comprise the required ½ cup of fruit or vegetable or a combination of both. Milk may be served as a beverage or in cereal. 8 fluid ounces of milk is usually served as a unit and the child may pour a portion on their cereal. OVS: Breakfast

Grade Groups 1 K-5: OVS optional for lunch and breakfast 2 6-8: OVS optional at lunch and breakfast The required grade groups for lunch and breakfast are shown here. There is overlap in the meal pattern and dietary specifications that allow for flexibility in planning the menu for the grade groups at a school. At lunch, Offer versus Serve is required for grades 9 – 12. It is optional for the other grade groups. OVS is optional for all grades at breakfast. 3 9-12: OVS optional at breakfast, required at lunch OVS: Breakfast

Reimbursable OVS Breakfast
Weekly menu must meet the weekly minimum quantities for the grade group Menu planner must meet the daily minimum requirements for the three food components -Minimum of 4 food items -All food items available to all students Students must take at least three of the food items offered In order to offer a reimbursable breakfast, menu planners must meet the weekly minimum quantities for the grade groups. The menu planner must also meet the daily minimum requirements for the three food components. In addition, there must be a minimum of four food items from within the three required food components and all food items (or a substitute for the planned food items) must be available to all students. The students must then take at least three food items, one being a fruit food item, for a reimbursable meal. OVS: Breakfast

Reimbursable OVS Breakfast
Students must take ½ cup of F or V or combination of F and V Students may select or decline any of the other food components -Milk not required -Grains not required Starting July 1, 2014, the quantity of fruit increased to 1 cup per day and the 50% juice rule went into effect. The 50% juice rule is the same as for lunch ─ juice may not be more than 50% of the fruits or 50% of the vegetables offered over a week. You count the number offered as the total servings a student may select over a week. Students must now take ½ cup of F or V or a combination of fruits and vegetables for a reimbursable meal. Students are not required to take milk or grains. OVS: Breakfast

General Rules for OVS 1 Offering choices ≠ OVS 2 Unit pricing 3 Signage, menus, and training There are several general rules regarding Offer versus Serve. We will cover some of the ways schools can get off-track and not provide a full OVS, and then cover exceptions to the rules with various meal service systems. A site is not required to change their method of service to accommodate OVS, but they are encouraged to incorporate OVS in whatever ways work, such as offering milk separately or offering a fruit bowl with choices that may be declined. The general rules we will cover are #1, that offering choices does not equal OVS, #2, unit pricing, #3, signage, menus, and training, and #4, meal service system exceptions. 4 Meal service system exceptions OVS: Breakfast

Choices ≠ OVS If there are choices of fruit but the student must take the full meal pattern quantity, is it OVS? If there are choices of entrée but the student must select one, is it OVS? If the student has choices but must take from every food component, is it OVS?. Don’t confuse offering choices with OVS. If there are choices of entrée but the student MUST select one, is it OVS? No, because the student may decline any food component or food item and is only required to take ½ cup of fruit or vegetable. If there are choices of fruit but the student must take the full 1 cup meal pattern quantity, is it OVS? No, because the student should be encouraged to take 1 cup, but is only required to take ½ cup. If the student has choices, but must take from every food component, is it OVS? No, because the student should have the option to decline any food item from any food component and must only select three food items from any food component except for the required ½ cup of fruit/vegetable. We will go over the exceptions to offering full OVS later. OVS: Breakfast

Unit Pricing Price remains the same despite number of food components taken or smaller portions School meals must be priced as a unit for paid, reduced price, and free students Different combinations may have different prices All reimbursable school meals must be priced as a unit for the paid, reduced-price, and free students. You may have different lunch or breakfast prices based on, for instance, the entrée. You may offer a $2, $3, $4, or $5 meal provided the reduced-price students’ meal price is always $ .40 for any lunch or $.30 for any breakfast and the free students pay nothing for any meal. The price must remain the same for breakfast whether the student takes three, four, or more of the food items, and whether or not they take a smaller portion of some food items which then do not count as a food item for OVS. OVS: Breakfast

Signage, Menus and Training
Recommended: Consistency in food items for entrée and side dishes , and planned serving sizes for food bar items Students, servers, and cashiers must be able to identify a reimbursable breakfast Schools must identify near or at the beginning of serving lines, what food items constitute unit- priced meals One of the difficult tasks for a menu planner is to develop signage, menus, and training that enable students, servers, and cashiers to identify a reimbursable meal. Schools must identify at or near the beginning of every serving line which food items constitute the minimum for an OVS meal and which food items are available for the complete reimbursable meal that a student may take without additional charge. Consistency in how the food items within the food components are planned is a critical step toward clear communication to students and staff on what constitutes a reimbursable meal. If the entrée always has the same number of food items, how much simpler it will be for the students and the cashier. If the cashier or the food bar monitor know the planned serving sizes for the various food items, how much simpler it will be to know if three food items have been selected in the correct quantities. OVS: Breakfast

Signage, Menus and Training
Signage is not required for -Field trips -Breakfast in the classroom Schools must provide information on OVS to parents Schools should provide training for staff Signage is not, however, required for field trips, breakfast in the classroom, or other venues that present logistical problems. Schools are also required to provide information on OVS to parents through menus or brochures or on their website. And of course, training is essential in order for staff to be able to help the students recognize reimbursable meals. OVS: Breakfast

Meal Service Systems Pre-Plated Used by schools and RCCIs with logistical limitations Encouraged to offer some level of choice and the opportunity to decline one or more components Family Style Offered meals must meet daily and weekly requirements (See Breakfast Meal Pattern Handout) Adult supervising should initially offer full serving Students must take ½ cup F/V for reimbursable breakfast Let’s talk about some of the different meal service systems that have exceptions to the OVS rules. Sites with logistical limitations may offer pre-plated meals. The daily minimum quantities must be offered and the weekly minimums met. These sites are encouraged to offer some level of choice and the opportunity for students to decline one or more food items. With family-style service, the meals offered at the table must meet the daily and weekly requirements. The full quantity of food items in the minimum serving sizes must be placed on the table. Students generally serve themselves and the supervising adult must determine if the student has taken a reimbursable meal. The requirement for ½ cup of V or F or combination of both is in effect for family style service OVS: Breakfast

Meal Service Systems Food Bars Clearly identify food items Clearly identify the minimum serving size for each food item Identify which combinations of food items to select for a reimbursable meal Train cashiers on what a reimbursable meal is each day Locate before POS or use dedicated monitor With food bars, the menu planner must clearly identify the food items in the entrees and side dishes offered. For example, if a combination food is offered, such as a breakfast sandwich or burrito, state whether it contains one, two, or more food items. In addition, the students and the staff must know the minimum serving size for each food item. For example, three cherry tomatoes equals ¼ cup of red/orange vegetable or so many strawberries equals ½ cup of fruit. Signage may identify which combinations of foods the student must select for a reimbursable meal, such as ¼ cup of applesauce plus ¼ cup of grapes or ¼ cup of sliced peaches plus ¼ cup of apple wedges = ½ cup. Cashiers must be trained on what comprises a reimbursable meal each day. How much easier that will be if there is consistency in the number of food items in the entrees and side dishes. To count fruits and vegetables toward the reimbursable meal, the food bar must be located before the cashier or there must be a dedicated monitor at the end of the bar. OVS: Breakfast

Meal Service Systems Pre-Packaged Similar to pre-plated Allowed at all levels Encouraged to have some menu items with choices or option to decline OVS not required for breakfast in the classroom, field trips or for students leaving to go to work Pre-packaged meals are similar to pre-plated and they are allowed at all levels. Sites with pre-packaged meals are encouraged to have some food items with choices or with the option to decline them. OVS is not required for breakfast in the classroom, field trips, or for meals packed for students leaving to go to work. An example of pre-packaged meal service is “grab and go” in which you could include an entrée with a grain, a M/MA substituting for a grain, and ½ cup F or V in a bag (a reimbursable breakfast). Then two choices of milk could be available if the student would like to select one, and a bowl of fruit and/or vegetable available to meet the additional ½ cup F or V meal pattern requirements as offered. OVS: Breakfast

Meal Service Systems Pre-Ordered All food components in the minimum daily and weekly quantities must be offered The student must be able to preselect a full reimbursable meal The student must be able to decline food items unless the meal is pre-packaged The student must be able to select a reimbursable breakfast A site may require that students pre-order their meals. This is allowable if the criteria listed here is in place. Read slide. The students may be able to decline only one food item depending on how the meal is packaged. They may be able to decline only the milk or another food item that is not included in the pre- packaged meal. With this system as with all systems, students from all eligibility categories must be treated the same. Schools are encouraged to allow students to pre-order the entrée and then choose the side dishes at the point of service. OVS: Breakfast

Menu Planning and OVS 1 Reflect student preferences 2 Provide choices 3 Offer foods that enhance the flexibility of what the student must take for a reimbursable breakfast Menu planning should reflect the diversity of student preferences. Choices should be provided whenever possible. Offer foods that allow the student flexibility when selecting the food items for a reimbursable OVS breakfast. Remember to have signage posted that indicates both: which choices make up a reimbursable meal for OVS, and which choices can be made for a meal that contains everything a student may select without additional charge. 4 Indicate which choices make a meal OVS: Breakfast

Rules & Regulations: Breakfast OVS
OVS is optional at all grade levels OVS operates the same at breakfast as it does for lunch in these ways Select at least three food items at breakfast Select at least three food components at lunch All required food components in the required daily and weekly amounts for each grade group must be offered ½ cup of Fruit, Vegetable, or a combination must be taken OVS operates differently at breakfast than it does for lunch in one important way Food items are selected, not food components Before we look at different breakfasts and practice determining if they are reimbursable under OVS, let’s review a few of the rules and regulations specific to breakfast. Read slide OVS: Breakfast

Breakfast OVS Grains K-5 and grades 6-8 and 9-12 daily minimum is 1 oz eq The weekly minimum varies by grade group May be credited as a food item for OVS if at least daily minimum quantity of 1 oz eq grain is selected ¼ oz. is the minimum amount that can credit toward the grain For breakfast, the daily minimum amount of grain for all grade groups is 1 oz eq. The weekly minimum amount varies by grade group and for all grade groups the menu planner will have to offer more than 1 oz eq on some days of the week. In order to be credited as a food item for OVS, the menu item, or a combination of menu items, must provide at least the daily minimum quantity of 1 oz eq grain. ¼ oz. is the minimum amount in an entrée or side dish that can be credited toward the grain. OVS: Breakfast

Breakfast OVS Grains May be offered in one or more menu items to meet the minimum daily requirement The menu planner may choose to allow students to take two or more servings of the same grain to meet the three food item requirement for OVS (optional) Desserts are allowed except those allowed only at lunch See footnotes on Exhibit A: Grain Group Chart Cookies, cake, and brownies not allowed at breakfast Here are more rules about grains. Grains may be offered in one or more menu items as long as each one contributes at least the ¼ oz eq minimum. The menu planner has the choice as to whether students are allowed to take multiple servings of the same grain to meet the three food item requirement for OVS Desserts are allowed at breakfast except those noted on Exhibit A: the Grain Group Chart. Cookies, cake and brownies, for instance, are not allowed at breakfast. OVS: Breakfast

Breakfast OVS Meat/Meat Alternates No requirement for meat/meat alternate component May substitute for a grain after 1 oz eq of grain is offered May be offered as an additional food Does not count as a food item for OVS Counts toward the dietary specifications The minimum that can be credited is ¼ oz. Although there is no requirement for M/MA, menu planners may substitute M/MA for a grain after the required 1 oz eq of grain has been offered. Menu planners may also offer M/MA as an additional food. If offered as an additional food, it cannot count as a food item toward the four food items for OVS service, or as one of the three food items selected for OVS. It does count toward the dietary specifications. The minimum amount of M/MA that can be credited as a grain is ¼ oz. in a food item. With the added flexibility of having students select three food items instead of declining one food item, there does not appear to be an advantage to offering M/MA as an additional food instead of as a substitute for grains. OVS: Breakfast

Breakfast OVS Fruit K-5, 6-8, and 9-12 minimum offered is 1 cup daily Fruit may be offered in one or more menu items to meet the daily minimum The minimum that can be credited in a food item is 1/8 cup Students must select a minimum of ½ cup fruit ½ cup of fruit or juice or vegetable A mix of different fruits, or of different vegetables A mix of both fruits and vegetables Fruit is one of three required components for breakfast and the minimum daily requirement is 1 cup for all grade groups. Fruit may be offered in one or more menu items to meet the daily minimum. The minimum that can be credited from a menu item is 1/8 cup. The school may use a food or salad bar at breakfast and the student might then select several food items in quantities of only 1/8 cup. The cashier must recognize serving sizes and their contribution to the fruit requirement in order to determine if the ½ cup of Fruit for a reimbursable meal has been selected. For the1/2 cup of Fruit requirement, students may take ½ cup of one food item, a fruit, juice, or vegetable; or they may take a mix of different fruits or a mix of vegetables; or a mix of both fruits and vegetables. OVS: Breakfast

Breakfast OVS Fruit Fruit may be credited as a food item if a minimum of ½ cup is selected A 1 cup serving of fruit may be counted as one or two food items at the discretion of the menu planner Students may be offered two or more servings of the same or different fruits to meet the 1 cup daily quantity requirement and it may credit as two food items The menu planner has the option to allow students to take multiple servings of the same fruit to meet the minimum three food item requirement for OVS Students may select more than the daily minimum or 1 cup if the dietary specifications weekly average does not exceed the range ½ cup of fruit credits as one food item. At lunch we learned that each food component may only be counted once. If a high school student takes two cups of fruit, it may only be counted as one food component, not two. At breakfast, however, students may take two or more ¼ cup servings of the same or different fruits to equal the ½ cup requirement for F/V. The school may also offer two ½ cup servings of the same or different fruits to meet the 1 cup daily requirement and count it as two food items. For example, if the menu planner offers ½ cup servings of oranges or applesauce, the student may select two ½ cup servings of oranges or two ½ cup servings of applesauce to meet the 1 cup requirement and count it as two food items. The menu planner has the option to allow students to take multiple servings of the same fruit or vegetable to meet the thee food item requirement. The signage must be very clear to the students that they can take two servings of the same fruit. At the menu planner’s discretion, the student may be allowed to take more than the minimum daily fruit requirement if the dietary specifications weekly average does not exceed the calorie range. OVS: Breakfast

Breakfast OVS Vegetables No requirement for vegetable component May substitute for a fruit More about this on the next slide May be served as an additional food Does not count as a food item or for OVS Counts toward the dietary specifications Do not need to follow substitution rules The minimum that can be credited is 1/8 cup As with M/MA, there is no requirement for vegetables. Although there is no requirement for vegetables, menu planners may substitute vegetables for fruit; however there are substitution restrictions, which I will cover on the next slide. Menu planners may also offer vegetables as an additional food. It then does not count as a food item toward the four food items for OVS service or as one of the three food items selected for OVS. It does count toward the dietary specifications, and the substitution restrictions do not apply. The minimum amount of vegetable that can be credited as a fruit is 1/8 cup in an entrée or side dish. OVS: Breakfast

Breakfast: Substituting Vegetables for Fruits
Four of the subgroups of vegetables may be substituted for fruit at any time Dark green Red/orange Dry beans/peas Other A starchy vegetable may be substituted for fruit only IF two cups of the four subgroups above are also planned for the week The rules on substituting vegetables for fruit require that the dark green, red/orange, dry bean/peas, or other subgroups are offered in a quantity of 2 cups before a starchy vegetable may be offered during the week. If a school needs to increase calories at the 9-12 grade group level, it might be advantageous to offer a starchy vegetable as an additional food and count the calories toward the dietary specifications. Caution must be taken to not also increase the sodium and saturated fat levels. OVS: Breakfast

Breakfast OVS Milk Grades K-12 minimum offered is 8 fluid oz. Daily requirement to offer at least two varieties within the required type This requirement is unrelated to OVS Must select at least one cup of fluid milk of any type offered to be credited as a component Duplicate servings of milk are not allowed 8 fluid ounces of milk is the minimum requirement for all grade groups. The requirement to offer at least two varieties is in effect at breakfast as well as lunch. If any of the approved milk varieties is selected, it counts as one food item toward OVS. Duplicate servings of milk are not allowed to be counted toward the three food item requirement. OVS: Breakfast

The Menu Planner decides how to count the items!
Offer vs Serve Counting Food Items The Menu Planner decides how to count the items! Consider making all planned entrees and side dishes contain the same number of food items! There is considerable flexibility in how to count the food items so let’s stop and consider what that flexibility means and how our decisions affect what a student may or must select for a reimbursable meal. Remember – the menu planner decides how to count the food items! Consider how you can make all of your planned breakfast menus contain the same number of food items. Also consider making every entrée have the same number of food items and every side dish outside of a salad bar be one food item of ½ cup fruit or substitute vegetable. OVS: Breakfast

1 Food Item Offer vs Serve Counting Food Items
For some items – it is pretty simple to determine how many items it represents. For example: This 1 oz eq grain piece of toast always = 1 food item 1 oz Bread = 1 oz eq grain = 1 food item OVS: Breakfast

Double portions can count as multiple food items or as 1 food item:
Offer vs Serve Counting Food Items Food Item Double portions can count as multiple food items or as 1 food item: For example: 2–1 oz slices of bread x 1 oz eq grain = 2 food items Or 1 food item However, it can get a little confusing to decide how to count the number of food items in other foods – so let’s look at a few examples. Double portions may count as multiple food items or as one food item: For example: Servings of a 1 oz eq grain may = 2 food items Or you may count it as 1 food item OVS: Breakfast

Offer vs Serve Counting Food Items 2 Food Items or 1 Food Item Two slices of toast is an example. This is a case where may not equal two. It is the menu planner’s choice whether to count 2 slices of toast as 1 food item or 2. 1 oz eq grain 1 oz eq grain OVS: Breakfast

OR Food Item Offer vs Serve Counting Food Items
A large portion can be counted as 2 or more food items (2 oz grain eq = 2 food items) A large portion can be counted as 1 food item (2 oz grain eq = 1 food item) A large portion of a food may be counted as 2 food items (2 oz eq grain = 2 food items) OR A large portion may be counted as 1 item. (2 oz eq grain = 1 food item) Again, it’s the menu planners choice! OR OVS: Breakfast

Offer vs Serve Counting Food Items 4 oz Muffin 1 Food Item 2 Food Items The example shown here is a 4 oz muffin = 2 oz eq grain. This muffin may count as 1 OR 2 food items. Why? Because the USDA has given us that flexibility. It is up to the menu planner! What would be the advantage of choosing one or the other choice? How many food items do you want to offer every day? What other food items will be on this menu? Would your menu consist of #1 A 4 oz. Muffin, 4 fl oz Juice, ½ cup Fruit, and 8 fl oz Milk OR #2 A 4 oz. Muffin, a 1 oz. Cheese Stick, 4 fl oz Juice, ½ cup Fruit, and 8 fl oz Milk If your menu were #1, then you would probably count the muffin as 2 food items. If your menu were #2, you could count the muffin as 1 or 2 food items. Both choices would result in a 5 food item menu. The advantage of calling it 2 food items is that the student only has to take the juice or fruit to have a reimbursable meal. The advantage of it being 1 food item is to encourage the student to take additional food items for a more nutritious breakfast. OR 2 oz eq grain 2 oz eq grain OVS: Breakfast

OR Offer vs Serve Counting Food Items Combination Food Items
A combination food of Grains and M/MA can count as 2 or more items 1 oz eq grain + 1 oz eq M/MA = 2 food items You can count the M/MA as “Additional” OR Grain and count it as 1 food item 1 oz eq grain + 1 oz eq additional M/MA = 1 food item A combination food of Grains and M/MA may count as 1, 2 or more food items. A 1 oz eq grain + a 1 oz eq M/MA subbing as a grain equals 2 oz eq grains and could count as 2 food items OR You may count the 1 oz eq grain + the 1 oz eq M/MA as one food item. You may count the M/MA as an “Additional food” and the 1 oz eq grain + a 1 oz eq M/MA offered as an additional food would be only 1 food item. It’s your choice! What would work best for your school? Your students? With the added flexibility of no maximums on grains, is there any reason to count the M/MA as an additional food? Why not count every M/MA as a food item to give the student more flexibility in selecting a reimbursable breakfast. Here is an example: OR OVS: Breakfast

2 Food Items 1 Food Item OR Offer vs Serve Counting Food Items
1 oz grain eq + 1 oz eq additional M/MA = 1 oz eq G 1 oz grain eq + 1 oz M/MA = oz grain eq This breakfast burrito is a 1 oz eq grain + 1 oz eq M/MA -The M/MA may count as a grain substitute and the burrito may then count 2 oz eq G and 2 food items OR -The M/MA may count as an “Additional food” and the burrito is counted as 1 oz eq G and 1 food item. - The M/MA counts as a grain substitute but the menu planner still chooses to count it as 1 food item. What would be the best choice for your school? Do you need the extra food item to reach a consistent 4 or 5 food items for OVS? Do students take the entrée most often and therefore counting it as 2 food items means they only need to take the ½ cup F/V to meet the 3 food item requirement for OVS? What other factors will you consider? How will cost be affected? How will the cashier’s ability to recognize a reimbursable meal be affected? OVS: Breakfast

2 oz eq M/MA: ½ Egg=1 oz eq; Cheese=1/2 oz eq; Sausage= ½ oz eq
Offer vs Serve Counting Food Items 4 Food Items 1 Food Item 2 Food Items 2 oz eq grain + 2 oz eq M/MA = 4 oz eq = 4 Food Items 2 oz eq grain oz eq M/MA (Add’l) = 2 oz eq = 2 Food Items 2 oz eq grain + 2 oz eq M/MA = 4 oz eq = 1 Food Item Here is an another example of how you may count combination foods that contain grains and M/MA. This breakfast sandwich is a 2 oz eq grain and a 2 oz eq M/MA (2 oz M/MA: ½ large Egg=1 oz eq; Cheese= ½ oz eq; Sausage= ½ oz eq) You may count the M/MA as subbing for a grain and the sandwich equals 4 oz eq and may be counted as 4 items. OR You may count the M/MA as an “additional food” and the sandwich equals a 2 oz eq grain and may be counted as 2 food items You may also count the entire sandwich as 1 food item. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each choice? Even if you count the sandwich as four food items, the student must still select ½ cup F/V in order to have a reimbursable breakfast. If you count the sandwich as 2 food items, if the student selects the sandwich, they only need to take the ½ cup F/V to have the three food items required for the reimbursable breakfast. If you count the sandwich as 1 food item, the student must select at least ½ cup F/V plus milk or two F/V food items totaling 1 cup or two food items. 2 oz eq M/MA: ½ Egg=1 oz eq; Cheese=1/2 oz eq; Sausage= ½ oz eq

may count as 1, 2, or more items:
Offer vs Serve Counting Food Items A combination food of Grains and Fruit OR Milk and Fruit may count as 1, 2, or more items: 1 oz eq grain + ½ cup fruit = 1 or 2 food items 1 cup milk + ½ cup fruit = 1 or 2 food items A combination food that contains grains and fruit, or milk and fruit, may also count as 1, 2, or more food items. For instance a coffee cake with fruit or an empanada with fruit might be 1 oz eq grain plus ½ cup fruit and may be counted as either 1 or 2 food items. Remember, it is the menu planner choice. The same is true for milk and fruit, for example in a homemade smoothie. OVS: Breakfast

Offer vs Serve Counting Food Items 1 or 2 Food Items This homemade smoothie, that is made with 1 cup of milk and ½ cup of fruit may count as either 1 or 2 food items. If the smoothie contained 4 oz. of yogurt it could count as a M/MA substituting as a grain and a food item, as yogurt in smoothies is now creditable. With this smoothie, the required 1 oz eq of grain and an additional ½ cup of fruit or vegetable must also be offered on the menu. Why would you count this smoothie as 2 food items? If counted as two food items, the student would only have to select one more food item for a reimbursable meal and would already have the required ½ cup F/V. They could select another ½ cup of fruit or a 1 oz eq grain as the third food item for OVS. A five food item menu might include this two food item entrée plus another serving of fruit plus a two oz eq grain. A four food item menu could offer another ½ cup serving of fruit and a 1 food item G. 1 cup milk + ½ cup fruit OVS: Breakfast

Breakfast OVS: How it Works
Components Food Items to = minimum for food component Example Selections Offer three food items OVS is not allowed Grain Any number of ¼ oz eq or more Min: 1 oz eq Bagel, 2 oz eq Cream Cheese Fruit Any number of 1/8 cup or more Min: 1 cup 1 cup Apple, size 138 Milk 1 Food Item 8 fl. oz. 2 Varieties Low-fat NF Chocolate Now that we have reviewed the various ways the food items can be counted, let’s start looking at sample menus and how OVS for breakfast works with different choices by the menu planner. Read the bottom of the slide. With this menu, the apple is being counted by the menu planner as one food item and the bagel is being counted as one food item. Therefore, there are only three food items, so there can be no offer versus serve. The cream cheese is an extra, not a food item. OVS: Breakfast

Components Food Items to = minimum for food component Example Selections Offer five food items Select a minimum of three Grain Any number of ¼ oz eq or more Min: 1 oz eq Cereal, 1 oz eq Toast, 1 oz eq X X or Fruit Any number of 1/8 cup or more Min: 1 cup ½ cup Juice + ½ cup Grapes Milk 1 Food Item 8 fl. oz. 2 Varieties Low-fat NF Chocolate Read slide and review the various selections a student may make. For this menu, there are five separate food items. Any three food items may be selected. It is the option of the menu planner as to whether a student may select duplicates. In this case the student may not select duplicates. The student must select at least ½ cup of fruit. Again, no duplicates are allowed. OVS: Breakfast

Is this meal reimbursable for K-8? 9-12?
1 Food Item 1 oz eq G 1 oz eq G ½ cup 1 Food Item 1 Food Item Look at each of these student selections. Which make up a reimbursable meal? 1 Food Item OVS: Breakfast

1 Food Item 1 oz eq G ½ cup 1 oz eq G 1 Food Item 1 Food Item The first breakfast selected has cereal, grapes, and milk. Each is one food item including ½ cup of grapes, so the meal is reimbursable under OVS. The second meal has three food items, but no ½ cup of fruit or vegetable, so it is not a reimbursable breakfast. The third meal has two problems. There are only 2 food items and no ½ cup of fruit. It is not reimbursable. 1 Food Item Yes, 3 items, ½ cup Fruit No, 3 items, no Fruit No, 2 items, no Fruit OVS: Breakfast

1 Food Item 1 oz eq G 1 Food Item 1 oz eq G ½ cup 1 Food Item Look at these selected breakfasts. Are they reimbursable? 1 Food Item ½ cup 1 Food Item OVS: Breakfast

1 Food Item 1 oz eq G 1 Food Item 1 oz eq G ½ cup 1 Food Item The first breakfast has 1 grain food item and 2 fruit food items, so it is reimbursable. Remember that milk is not a required food item. The second selection includes 1 grain food item, 1 fruit food item, and 1 milk food item for a total of 3 food items, including ½ cup of juice. It is reimbursable. The menu planner chose not to allow duplicate selections, so the third selection has three food items and ½ cup of grapes, but the cashier cannot count two slices of toast as 2 food items. Do you allow duplicates? 1 Food Item ½ cup 1 Food Item Yes, 3 items, 1/2 cup F Yes, 3 items 1/2 cup F No, no duplicates OVS: Breakfast

Components Food Items to = minimum for food component Example Selections Offer five food items Select a minimum of three Grain Any number of ¼ oz eq or more Min: 1 oz eq Cereal, 1 oz eq Toast, 1 oz eq X X or Fruit Any number of 1/8 cup or more Min: 1 cup ½ cup Juice + ½ cup Grapes Milk 1 Food Item 8 fl. oz. 2 Varieties Low-fat NF Chocolate Now let’s look at the same menu when duplicates of fruit and grains are allowed. In this case the student may select duplicates. The cereal and toast are not bundled and served together. OVS: Breakfast

½ cup 1 Food Item 1 Food Item 1 oz eq G 1 Food Item Look carefully at these selections. Are they reimbursable OVS breakfasts? 1 Food Item ½ cup OVS: Breakfast

½ cup 1 Food Item 1 Food Item 1 oz eq G 1 Food Item The first breakfast contains two cereals. But this time the menu planner is allowing duplicates, so the two cereals count as two food items plus the student has selected ½ cup of grapes for a three food item breakfast that is reimbursable. The second selection contains two ½ cup servings of grapes, again two food items plus milk for three food items that include fruit. Remember that grains are not a required food item for OVS even though they must be part of the planned and offered breakfast. The third selection has two milks and ½ cup of orange juice. Duplicates of milk are not allowed for OVS, so this breakfast only has two food items and is not reimbursable. Only fruits and grains may be allowed as duplicates. 1 Food Item ½ cup Yes, 3 items, 1/2 cup F Yes, 3 items 1/2 cup F No, duplicates of milk are not allowed OVS: Breakfast

1 Food Item 1 Food Item 1 oz eq G 1 Food Item ½ cup ½ cup Because students may select duplicates of the same food item, it is possible they might make these selections. Are they reimbursable? OVS: Breakfast

1 Food Item 1 oz eq G 1 Food Item 1 Food Item ½ cup ½ cup The first selection is not reimbursable because there is no ½ cup of fruit or vegetable. The second and third selections are reimbursable. Be careful with duplicates of juice. You can offer no more than 50% of the fruit offerings over the week as juice. If the student can take 3 juices, that would be 3 juices that would have to be balanced with three other fruit offerings. In this case the grapes are also three servings in the same meal, so that would meet the no more than half that must be offered in the form of juice. The question is whether or not you would like students to be able to select three of any one food item. It is possible to limit duplicates to only two of any one food item, which would avoid a breakfast that looks like the second and third selections. Your signage should be very clear to the students with regard to what the students may take for breakfast. No, 3 items, no Fruit Yes, 3 items 1/2 cup F Yes, 3 items, 1/2 cup F OVS: Breakfast

Components Food Items to = minimum for food component Example Selections Select minimum of three Four Food Items Five Food Items Grain Any number of ¼ oz eq or more Min: 1 oz eq Biscuit 1 oz eq with Sausage 1 oz eq X Fruit Any number of 1/8 cup or more Min: 1 cup ½ cup Juice + ½ cup Grapes Milk 1 Food Item 8 fl. oz. 2 Varieties Low-fat NF Chocolate Read the narrative and go over the possible selections in the columns. What is the advantage of counting the biscuit and sausage as two food items? The student would only have to select a minimum of one fruit for the meal to be reimbursable. For this menu, first the menu planner is counting the menu as four food items. The student must select three food items. See first four columns Now count the biscuit and sausage as two food items and there will be five total food items. See last four columns. The two fruit food items plus the milk also counts as three food items for a reimbursable breakfast for both the four item and the three item meal. OVS: Breakfast

2 oz eq G 1 Food Item ½ cup ½ cup 1 Food Item 1 Food Item First let’s look at selections made when the breakfast sandwich is counted as 1 food item. Are these selections reimbursable? 1 Food Item Sausage/Biscuit counts as 1 Food Item OVS: Breakfast

2 oz eq G 1 Food Item ½ cup ½ cup 1 Food Item The first selection has the sandwich which is one food item and the ½ cup of juice which is one food item. There are only two food items, so the meal is not reimbursable. The second meal contains the sandwich, one food item, the juice, one food item, and the milk, one food item, for a total of three food items and there is ½ cup of fruit. The meal selected is reimbursable. The third meal is also reimbursable. The sandwich is one and each of the fruits is one food item for a total of three food items with the required ½ cup fruit. Having only four food items decreases the choices the student may make for a reimbursable meal. 1 Food Item No, only 2 Items Yes, 3 items, 1/2 cup F Yes, 3 items, 1/2 cup F OVS: Breakfast

2 oz eq G 2 Food Items ½ cup ½ cup 1 Food Item 1 Food Item Now the menu planner has chosen to count the sausage/biscuit sandwich as two food items. What difference does it make to the student? 1 Food Item Sausage/Biscuit counts as 2 Food Items OVS: Breakfast

2 oz eq G 2 Food Items ½ cup ½ cup 1 Food Item 1 Food Item The first selection is the same as before, but now it is reimbursable because the two food items in the sandwich plus the one food item for the ½ cup juice add up to three food items and the student has selected ½ cup of fruit as required. The second meal does not contain ½ cup of fruit even though they have selected three food items. The selection is not reimbursable. The third meal selected has three food items and includes the required ½ cup of fruit, so it is reimbursable. This selection would be reimbursable whether the sandwich is counted as one or two food items. 1 Food Item Yes, 3 items, 1/2 cup F No, no Fruit Yes, 3 items, 1/2 cup F OVS: Breakfast

Components Food Items to = minimum for food component Example Selections Offer five food items Select minimum of three Grain Any number of ¼ oz eq or more Min: 1 oz eq Bagel, 2 oz eq Cream Cheese XX Fruit Any number of 1/8 cup or more Min: 1 cup ½ cup Juice + ½ cup Grapes X Milk 1 Food Item 8 fl. oz. 2 Varieties Low-fat NF Chocolate Read the narrative and review the minimum choices for OVS. For this menu, the menu planner has a choice again and may count four or five food items because the bagel is 2 oz eq grains. The cream cheese is an extra and counts toward the dietary specifications, but not the food items. In this case the menu planner has chosen to count the bagel as 2 food items with the menu as 5 food items. OVS: Breakfast

2 oz eq G ½ cup 1 Food Item Extra 2 Food Items ½ cup 1 Food Item These selections are from the five food item menu we just reviewed. Are these selections reimbursable? 1 Food Item OVS: Breakfast

2 oz eq G 1 Food Item ½ cup 2 Food Items Extra ½ cup 1 Food Item The first selection has the bagel, two food items, plus ½ cup of grapes which is one food item. The student has selected three food items including ½ cup of fruit for a reimbursable breakfast. The second selection has grapes and juice and milk, each of which is one food item. There are three food items, including a minimum of ½ cup of fruit for a reimbursable breakfast. Selecting a grain or milk is not required. The third selection has the ½ cup of fruit required, but the cream cheese is an extra food and does not count as a food item. There are only two food items, so the meal selected is not reimbursable. 1 Food Item Yes, 3 items, 1/2 cup F Yes, 3 items, 1/2 cup F No, Cream Cheese is an extra, not a food item OVS: Breakfast

Breakfast Menu: Students may select 5 Food Items. Must select at least 3 Food Items, including 1 Fruit or Vegetable Food Item May take 1: 2 Food Items Each 1 Muffin + 1 Cereal = 2 oz eq G 2 Muffins = 2 oz eq G 2 Cereals = 2 oz eq G Cheese Zombie: 1 oz eq G + 1 oz eq M/MA = 2 oz eq G WW Tortillas = 2 oz eq G OR May take 1: 1 Food Item Each 1 Cereal = 1 oz eq G 1 Muffin = 1 oz eq G Must take at least 1 (2 maximum): 1 Food Item Each Refried Beans = ½ cup V Hash Browns: = ½ cup V Orange Juice = ½ cup F Grapes = ½ cup F May take only 1 Milk: 1 Food Item Low Fat Non Fat You may very well be offering choices at breakfast, so here is a menu with choices that will let us practice recognizing reimbursable OVS breakfast selections when choices are available. Notice that hash browns, a starchy vegetable, is offered. The menu planner must have offered 1 ½ cups of dark green, red/orange, Other or beans/peas in addition to the refried beans offered today in order to offer a starchy vegetable as a substitute for fruit instead of as an additional vegetable. OVS: Breakfast

½ cup 1 oz eq G 1 Food Item 1 oz eq G 1 Food Item 1 Food Item ½ cup ½ cup 1 Food Item 1 Food Item The menu planner allows duplicates of grains as listed on the menu. Are these selections reimbursable? 1 Food Item OVS: Breakfast

½ cup 1 oz eq G 1 Food Item 1 Food Item 1 oz eq G 1 Food Item ½ cup ½ cup 1 Food Item 1 Food Item The first selected breakfast has the muffin which is one food item, the ½ cup of orange juice for another food item and milk, which is one food item. That totals three food items including the ½ cup fruit, so the meal is reimbursable. The second breakfast selected has two cereals, which is allowed and counts for two food items. There is also ½ cup of fruit which is required and counts for the third food item. The selection is reimbursable. The third selection has two vegetables which count as two fruit food items plus milk which counts as the third food item. This is also a reimbursable selection. 1 Food Item Yes, 3 items, 1/2 cup F Yes, 3 items, 1/2 cup F Yes, 3 items, 1/2 cup F OVS: Breakfast

1 Food Item 1 oz eq G 1 Food Item 2 Food Items 2 oz eq G 2 Food Items 1 oz eq G 2 oz eq G ½ cup 1 Food Item Here are more possible combinations a student could select. Are these meals reimbursable OVS breakfasts? ½ cup 1 Food Item 1 Food Item OVS: Breakfast

1 Food Item 1 oz eq G 1 Food Item 2 Food Items 2 Food Items 2 oz eq G 2 oz eq G ½ cup 1 oz eq G The first breakfast selected contains the muffin, one food item, the cereal, also one food item and the ½ cup of juice, also one food item. There are three food items including the ½ cup fruit, so the meal is reimbursable. The second breakfast contains the cheese zombie which is two food items plus ½ cup of grapes which is one food item. Therefore there are three food items including ½ cup of fruit and the meal selected is reimbursable. What’s wrong with the third selection? There is not a ½ cup of fruit or vegetable, so even though there are three food items, the meal selected is not reimbursable. 1 Food Item ½ cup 1 Food Item Yes, 3 items, 1/2 cup F Yes, 3 items, 1/2 cup F No, no fruit OVS: Breakfast

Breakfast OVS: Grab & Go or Pre-Plated
Components Food Items to = minimum for food component Examples All entrees (Grain) bundled for 2 oz eq Selections Minimum for OVS with three selected food items #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Grain 2 Food Items 2 oz eq Grains Entrée, 2 oz eq If choices are offered, mark with name or number X Fruit ½ cup servings Min: 1 cup ½ cup Juice ½ cup Fruit ½ cup Vegetable If including only 1, mark with name or number 2 Any 1 Milk 1 Food Item 8 fl. oz. 2 Varieties Low-fat NF Chocolate Non-fat You may be lucky enough to have breakfast in the classroom or logistics may require that you use a grab and go or pre-plated breakfast. If you are in that situation, what can you do to give your students the most choice. This is a possible scenario whereby there are five possible bags to grab with choices within each bag. There could also be bags with the entrée and ½ cup fruit or vegetable included and the milk out of the bag as an opportunity for choice or declining and a bowl with additional fruit or vegetable choices for the second ½ cup fruit. Read the narrative and review the choices of selection. In this case the student may select from bags with an entrée plus 1 fruit or vegetable or 2 fruits or vegetables and with or without milk. They may also select a bag with only two fruits or vegetables and milk. If this pattern were followed daily, the bags could be numbered 1 to 5 with the menu for the entrees and fruits/vegetables noted. If only ½ cup of fruit in the bag, a bowl with additional fruit could be offered. Or the grains and fruits could be bagged with the milk as a choice and the option to decline the milk. OVS: Breakfast

Idea Concept – Helping the Cashier
Keep the number of food items in the entrée consistent (1* or 2) *Could be 1 or 2 oz eq counted as 1 food item Keep the number of food items in the fruit and vegetable side dishes consistent (1 or 2* or salad bar) *Usually two ½ cup servings = 2 food items Provide a generic chart for the cashier showing the possible combinations An experienced cashier will soon be able to recognize a reimbursable meal. But what about the new or substitute person? One idea is to provide a generic chart with the possible reimbursable combinations. If the menu planner is consistent with the number of food items in the entrée and the side dishes, this could work. I D E A OVS: Breakfast

Breakfast OVS: Sample Cashier Chart
Components Food Items to = minimum for food component Examples All entrees (Grain) bundled for 2 oz eq Selections Minimum for OVS with three selected food items Grain 2 Food Items 2 oz eq Grains Bread, Roll, etc., 2 oz eq Toast & Cereal, 2 oz eq Breakfast Sandwich, 2 oz eq X Fruit ½ cup servings Min: 1 cup ½ cup Juice ½ cup Fruit ½ cup Vegetable Any 2 Milk 1 Food Item 8 fl. oz. 2 Varieties Low-fat NF Chocolate Non-fat Read the narrative and review the possible combinations. If the fruits and vegetables are offered on a salad bar for breakfast, the cashier must also be trained on recognizing the serving size of the various offerings that when combined provide ½ cup of fruit and/or vegetable. This sample chart is for a five food item menu plan. In addition, the menu planner must decide if the students may take duplicate servings of the same item when the menu makes it possible. For instance, may they take two toasts? May they take two cereals or juice or fruit or vegetable? The signage must be clear to the student as to what selections they may make for a reimbursable breakfast. OVS: Breakfast

Summary Before we take questions, I’d like to review this summary from the USDA with you. OVS: Breakfast

Do you have any questions? ? Thank you for joining us. This webinar and script will be available at questions to Or phone ? We have covered many concepts for offer versus serve for breakfast. Please submit any questions you have not already sent to us and we will answer as many as possible in the time allowed. We will be developing a question and answer document and include questions from this webinar and other webinars. If we did not answer your question, we may need to research it and it will be included in the Q&A document. This webinar and script and any questions and answers will be posted at the site listed on the slide. For other questions, or call ? OVS: Breakfast

Offer Versus Serve: Breakfast

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Offer Versus Serve: Breakfast

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