1. Shelly Warwick, Ph.D. 2013 – Permission is granted to reproduce and edit this work for non- commercial educational use as long as attribution is provided and the edited work is also available under the same terms of license.

2. After this Unit You Should Be Able to State what are the three factors used to differentiate types of publications? Know what are the major types of publications? What type(s) of publications should be used for research? Understand what is an index & abstract service, and what type of information should you be able to find in one? Explain peer review? select the correct type(s) of publication for your research

3. FACTORS FOR DIFFERENTIATING RESOURCES

4. Resources Can Be Differentiated by The Content Selection Process Who are the Authors Intended Audience This applies to both electronic and print

5. How is Content Selected Possible methods of selection include:  Peer-review a group of experts in the field review submitted articles to see if they make sense in terms of question, method and conclusions – usually the reviewers don’t know who the author is and the author doesn’t know who the reviewers are  Editorial Review (varying degrees)  The editor(s) of the publication review or commission articles  None  Anyone can publish – the Internet

6. MOVE ON TO MODULE 4 – HIERARCHY OF HEALTH EVIDENCE

7. Who are the Authors? Are they Scholars? Practitioners? Professional Writers? Anyone?

8. Who is the Intended Audience For whom is the resource intended Researchers/experts? Practitioners? General Public?

9. Selecting Resources Each type of resource has it purpose and audience When doing research you need to select the resource which will BEST answer your question – not just provide some answer

11. Scholarly Journals Audience: researchers/ scholars/experts Authors: researchers/scholars/experts Content Selection: Blind Peer Review Usually recognized by simple cover design, lack of advertising, publisher often scholarly society or academic publisher Articles include affiliation of authors References, bibliography

12. Why Peer Review is the Standard in Scholarly Publications Blind Peer review, which is the norm, ensures that current experts in the field review research based on the appropriateness and accuracy of the methods used in data gathering, analysis, and interpretation not on the basis of personality or agreement or disagreement with the conclusion. Peer review attests to sound research.

13. Professional/Practitioner Publications Audience: Professionals/Practitioners Authors: Professionals/Practitioners Content Selection: Editorial Review/Commissioned articles Publication by professional group indicated on cover, advertising geared to membership interests Articles of broader interest but still directed at a relatively small, specialized group

14. Trade Publications Audience: people working in the field (not necessarily professionals) Authors: Professional writers Content Selection: Editors commission articles Limited advertising geared to trade interests

15. Popular Magazines Audience: General Authors: Paid reporters, usually not experts on the subject Content Selection: Editors commission articles Sources not cited or cited informally Heavily illustrated Much advertising

16. Indexing & Abstract Services Provide access to the primary literature Index all articles printed in a selected set of journals based on varied criteria List or provide search options for articles by author, title, subject, journal title, date –often include other fields such as institutional affiliation Some index services include the abstract of the article as provided by the author others write their own. While some electronic index & abstracting services provide links to the full-text of the article many do not.

17. Index & Abstract Services Audience: researchers Authors: Librarians/Indexers Content Selection: criteria based PubMed/Medline is an example of an index & abstracting service

18. Which to Use for Research? Serious researchers rely on articles published in scholarly journals that use peer review whether they are accessed in print or in electronic form. Many new journals are only published online, but still use the peer review process. To find these articles most researchers use Index an Abstract services/databases.